TY - JOUR
T1 - Correlation of Adenoviral Titers with Severity of Adenoviral Conjunctivitis and Time to Viral Clearance for 21 Days
AU - Morettin, Christina E.
AU - Harthan, Jennifer S.
AU - Huecker, Julia B.
AU - Perera, Chamila D.
AU - Than, Tammy
AU - Whiteside, Meredith
AU - Johnson, Spencer D.
AU - Shorter, Ellen
AU - Migneco, Mary K.
AU - Olson, Christian K.
AU - Alferez, Christopher S.
AU - Camp, Devon
AU - Hartwick, Andrew T.E.
AU - Gordon, Mae O.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
PY - 2023/3/1
Y1 - 2023/3/1
N2 - SIGNIFICANCE This investigation reports the correlation of conjunctival viral titers in adenoviral conjunctivitis with patient-reported symptoms and clinician-graded signs for 21 days of follow-up. PURPOSE Adenoviral conjunctivitis is a highly contagious viral eye infection with significant morbidity and economic impact. This study investigates whether severity of signs and symptoms and time to viral clearance are correlated with conjunctival viral titers at baseline and during 21 days of follow-up. METHODS The Reducing Adenoviral Patient Infected Days study was a pilot study of the efficacy of a single in-office administration of ophthalmic 5% povidone-iodine. This article outlines longitudinal analyses after the primary outcome report. Of 212 participants screened, 28 participants with quantitative polymerase chain reaction-confirmed adenoviral conjunctivitis were randomized and had follow-up visits on days 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, and 21. At each visit, clinician-graded signs, participant-reported symptoms, and a conjunctival swab for quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis were obtained. The correlation of viral titers with symptoms and signs was calculated: (1) cross-sectionally at each visit and (2) longitudinally for 21 days using a repeated-measures mixed-effects model. RESULTS Twenty-five of 28 participants had sufficient data for this report. Higher viral titers for 21 days were correlated with greater severity of symptoms (tearing, matting, and redness, r ≥ 0.70; P <.02) and greater severity of clinical signs (bulbar redness and serous discharge, r ≥ 0.60; P <.01). Eyes with highest baseline viral titers required longer time to viral clearance (r = 0.59, P =.008). Signs and symptoms persisted in approximately half of the eyes even after viral clearance. CONCLUSIONS Higher conjunctival viral titers across 21 days were strongly correlated with more severe signs and symptoms and longer time to viral clearance. Our results also indicate that symptoms and signs can persist after viral clearance.
AB - SIGNIFICANCE This investigation reports the correlation of conjunctival viral titers in adenoviral conjunctivitis with patient-reported symptoms and clinician-graded signs for 21 days of follow-up. PURPOSE Adenoviral conjunctivitis is a highly contagious viral eye infection with significant morbidity and economic impact. This study investigates whether severity of signs and symptoms and time to viral clearance are correlated with conjunctival viral titers at baseline and during 21 days of follow-up. METHODS The Reducing Adenoviral Patient Infected Days study was a pilot study of the efficacy of a single in-office administration of ophthalmic 5% povidone-iodine. This article outlines longitudinal analyses after the primary outcome report. Of 212 participants screened, 28 participants with quantitative polymerase chain reaction-confirmed adenoviral conjunctivitis were randomized and had follow-up visits on days 1, 2, 4, 7, 14, and 21. At each visit, clinician-graded signs, participant-reported symptoms, and a conjunctival swab for quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis were obtained. The correlation of viral titers with symptoms and signs was calculated: (1) cross-sectionally at each visit and (2) longitudinally for 21 days using a repeated-measures mixed-effects model. RESULTS Twenty-five of 28 participants had sufficient data for this report. Higher viral titers for 21 days were correlated with greater severity of symptoms (tearing, matting, and redness, r ≥ 0.70; P <.02) and greater severity of clinical signs (bulbar redness and serous discharge, r ≥ 0.60; P <.01). Eyes with highest baseline viral titers required longer time to viral clearance (r = 0.59, P =.008). Signs and symptoms persisted in approximately half of the eyes even after viral clearance. CONCLUSIONS Higher conjunctival viral titers across 21 days were strongly correlated with more severe signs and symptoms and longer time to viral clearance. Our results also indicate that symptoms and signs can persist after viral clearance.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85151043882&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/OPX.0000000000001999
DO - 10.1097/OPX.0000000000001999
M3 - Article
C2 - 36749104
AN - SCOPUS:85151043882
SN - 1040-5488
VL - 100
SP - 187
EP - 193
JO - Optometry and Vision Science
JF - Optometry and Vision Science
IS - 3
ER -