@article{6b7bc492ef6c43dcb8afdb34fed22638,
title = "Composite genome map and recombination parameters derived from three archetypal lineages of Toxoplasma gondii",
abstract = "Toxoplasma gondii is a highly successful protozoan parasite in the phylum Apicomplexa, which contains numerous animal and human pathogens. T.gondii is amenable to cellular, biochemical, molecular and genetic studies, making it a model for the biology of this important group of parasites. To facilitate forward genetic analysis, we have developed a high-resolution genetic linkage map for T.gondii. The genetic map was used to assemble the scaffolds from a 10X shotgun whole genome sequence, thus defining 14 chromosomes with markers spaced at ∼300 kb intervals across the genome. Fourteen chromosomes were identified comprising a total genetic size of ∼592 cM and an average map unit of ∼104 kb/cM. Analysis of the genetic parameters in T.gondii revealed a high frequency of closely adjacent, apparent double crossover events that may represent gene conversions. In addition, we detected large regions of genetic homogeneity among the archetypal clonal lineages, reflecting the relatively few genetic outbreeding events that have occurred since their recent origin. Despite these unusual features, linkage analysis proved to be effective in mapping the loci determining several drug resistances. The resulting genome map provides a framework for analysis of complex traits such as virulence and transmission, and for comparative population genetic studies.",
author = "Asis Khan and Sonya Taylor and Chunlei Su and Mackey, {Aaron J.} and Jon Boyle and Robert Cole and Darius Glover and Keliang Tang and Paulsen, {Ian T.} and Matt Berriman and Boothroyd, {John C.} and Pfefferkorn, {Elmer R.} and Dubey, {J. P.} and Ajioka, {James W.} and Roos, {David S.} and Wootton, {John C.} and Sibley, {L. David}",
note = "Funding Information: We are grateful to Martin Franzholz and Bindu Gajria for assistance with ToxoDB, Sandra Clifton, Deana Pape and the EST Sequencing Team at The Washington University Genome Sequencing Center, Mike Quail for production of the BAC-end library, Tovi Lehman and Michael Grigg for sharing unpublished data on genetic markers, Merck Research Laboratories for providing arprinocid-N-oxide, and Noelle Holmes and Julie Suetterlin for expert technical assistance. Preliminary genomic and/or cDNA sequence data was accessed via http://ToxoDB.org/ and/or http://www.tigr.org/ tdb/t_gondii/. Genomic sequence data were provided by The Institute for Genomic Research (supported by the NIH grant AI50930), and by the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute. Financial support was provided by the National Institutes of Health through the following grants (AI045806, AI36629, AI059176, AI28724 and AI40037). Funding to pay the Open Access publication charges for this article was provided by NIH grants AI36629 and AI059176.",
year = "2005",
doi = "10.1093/nar/gki604",
language = "English",
volume = "33",
pages = "2980--2992",
journal = "Nucleic acids research",
issn = "0305-1048",
number = "9",
}