TY - JOUR
T1 - Comparison of novel MLB-clade, VA-clade and classic human astroviruses highlights constrained evolution of the classic human astrovirus nonstructural genes
AU - Jiang, Hongbing
AU - Holtz, Lori R.
AU - Bauer, Irma
AU - Franz, Carl J.
AU - Zhao, Guoyan
AU - Bodhidatta, Ladaporn
AU - Shrestha, Sanjaya K.
AU - Kang, Gagandeep
AU - Wang, David
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by NIH grant U54 AI057160 to the Midwest Regional Center of Excellence for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Disease Research and NIH grant R21 AI090199 . D.W. holds an Investigator in the Pathogenesis of Infectious Disease Award from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund. LRH is supported by UL1 TR000448 sub award KL2 TR000450 from the NIH-National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences.
PY - 2013/2/5
Y1 - 2013/2/5
N2 - Eight serotypes of human astroviruses (the classic human astroviruses) are causative agents of diarrhea. Recently, five additional astroviruses belonging to two distinct clades have been described in human stool, including astroviruses MLB1, MLB2, VA1, VA2 and VA3. We report the discovery in human stool of two novel astroviruses, astroviruses MLB3 and VA4. The complete genomes of these two viruses and the previously described astroviruses VA2 and VA3 were sequenced, affording seven complete genomes from the MLB and VA clades for comparative analysis to the classic human astroviruses. Comparison of the genetic distance, number of synonymous mutations per synonymous site (dS), number of non-synonymous mutations per non-synonymous site (dN) and the dN/dS ratio in the protease, polymerase and capsid of the classic human, MLB and VA clades suggests that the protease and polymerase of the classic human astroviruses are under distinct selective pressure.
AB - Eight serotypes of human astroviruses (the classic human astroviruses) are causative agents of diarrhea. Recently, five additional astroviruses belonging to two distinct clades have been described in human stool, including astroviruses MLB1, MLB2, VA1, VA2 and VA3. We report the discovery in human stool of two novel astroviruses, astroviruses MLB3 and VA4. The complete genomes of these two viruses and the previously described astroviruses VA2 and VA3 were sequenced, affording seven complete genomes from the MLB and VA clades for comparative analysis to the classic human astroviruses. Comparison of the genetic distance, number of synonymous mutations per synonymous site (dS), number of non-synonymous mutations per non-synonymous site (dN) and the dN/dS ratio in the protease, polymerase and capsid of the classic human, MLB and VA clades suggests that the protease and polymerase of the classic human astroviruses are under distinct selective pressure.
KW - Astrovirus discovery
KW - Constrained evolution
KW - Diarrhea
KW - Nonstructural genes
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84872193015&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.virol.2012.09.040
DO - 10.1016/j.virol.2012.09.040
M3 - Article
C2 - 23084422
AN - SCOPUS:84872193015
SN - 0042-6822
VL - 436
SP - 8
EP - 14
JO - Virology
JF - Virology
IS - 1
ER -