CNS-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome in the setting of HIV infection, part 2: Discussion of neuro-immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome with and without other pathogens

M. J.D. Post, M. M. Thurnher, D. B. Clifford, A. Nath, R. G. Gonzalez, R. K. Gupta, K. K. Post

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

28 Scopus citations

Abstract

While the previous review of CNS-IRIS in the HIV-infected patient on highly active antiretroviral therapy (Part 1) dealt with an overview of the biology, pathology, and neurologic presentation of this condition and a discussion of the atypical imaging findings in PML-IRIS and cryptococcal meningitis-IRIS due to the robust inflammatory response, the current review (Part 2) discusses the imaging findings in other commonly encountered organisms seen in association with CNS-IRIS, namely, VZV, CMV, HIV, Candida organisms, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, and Toxoplasma gondii. Also described is the imaging appearance of CNS-IRIS when not associated with a particular organism. Recognition of these imaging findings will give credence to the diagnosis of CNS-IRIS and will allow the clinician to institute changes in medical management, if necessary, so that immune reconstitution and improved patient outcome can occur with time.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1308-1318
Number of pages11
JournalAmerican Journal of Neuroradiology
Volume34
Issue number7
DOIs
StatePublished - Jul 2013

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