@article{f2c9d38dcb93425b949f4e8817076318,
title = "Clinimetric testing of the comprehensive cervical dystonia rating scale",
abstract = "Introduction: The aim of this study was to test the clinimetric properties of the Comprehensive Cervical Dystonia Rating Scale. This is a modular scale with modifications of the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Rating Scale (composed of three subscales assessing motor severity, disability, and pain) now referred to as the revised Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Scale-2; a newly developed psychiatric screening instrument; and the Cervical Dystonia Impact Profile-58 as a quality of life measure. Methods: Ten dystonia experts rated subjects with cervical dystonia using the comprehensive scale. Clinimetric techniques assessed each module of the scale for reliability, item correlation, and factor structure. Results: There were 208 cervical dystonia patients (73% women; age, 59±10 years; duration, 15±12 years). Internal consistency of the motor severity subscale was acceptable (Cronbach's alpha=0.57). Item to total correlations showed that elimination of items with low correlations (<0.20) increased alpha to 0.71. Internal consistency estimates for the subscales for disability and pain were 0.88 and 0.95, respectively. The psychiatric screening scale had a Cronbach's alpha of 0.84 and satisfactory item to total correlations. When the subscales of the Toronto Western Spasmodic Torticollis Scale-2 were combined with the psychiatric screening scale, Cronbach's alpha was 0.88, and construct validity assessment demonstrated four rational factors: motor; disability; pain; and psychiatric disorders. The Cervical Dystonia Impact Profile-58 had an alpha of 0.98 and its construction was validated through a confirmatory factor analysis. Conclusions: The modules of the Comprehensive Cervical Dystonia Rating Scale are internally consistent with a logical factor structure.",
keywords = "Cervical dystonia, Cervical dystonia impact profile-58, Focal dystonia, Rating scale, Toronto western spasmodic torticollis rating scale",
author = "Comella, {Cynthia L.} and Perlmutter, {Joel S.} and Jinnah, {Hyder A.} and Waliczek, {Tracy A.} and Rosen, {Ami R.} and Galpern, {Wendy R.} and Adler, {Charles A.} and Barbano, {Richard L.} and Factor, {Stewart A.} and Goetz, {Christopher G.} and Joseph Jankovic and Reich, {Stephen G.} and Rodriguez, {Ramon L.} and Severt, {William L.} and Mateusz Zurowski and Fox, {Susan H.} and Stebbins, {Glenn T.}",
note = "Funding Information: This study is a part of the Dystonia Coalition (NS065701), which is a part of the NCATS Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network (RDCRN). RDCRN is an initiative of the Office of Rare Diseases Research (ORDR), NCATS, funded through collaboration between NCATS and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. The Dystonia Coalition{\textquoteright}s program includes clinical features, natural history, a DNA repository, and the development of validated rating scales for focal dystonias. The Dystonia Study Group provided additional funding. The Dystonia Medical Research provided coordination of study sites. The authors also acknowledge the coordinators at each of the sites: Tracy Waliczek (Rush), Mary Louise Weeks (Emory), Emily Muller, Sara Lewis (Beth Israel Medical Center); Katie Holmes (Univer- sity of Maryland); Christine Hunter, Lea Kiefer (Baylor College of Medicine); Laura Wright, Lin Yang (Washington University); Matthew Grana (University of Rochester); Brandon Rothberg (University of Toronto); Kyle Rizer (University of Florida); Amy Duffy (Mayo Clinic of Arizona, Scottsdale). This study was funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant NS 065701 from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and the Office of Rare Diseases Research at the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH; the Dystonia Medical Research Foundation; and Allergan Inc. Funding Information: This study is a part of the Dystonia Coalition (NS065701), which is a part of the NCATS Rare Diseases Clinical Research Network (RDCRN). RDCRN is an initiative of the Office of Rare Diseases Research (ORDR), NCATS, funded through collaboration between NCATS and the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. The Dystonia Coalition{\textquoteright}s program includes clinical features, natural history, a DNA repository, and the development of validated rating scales for focal dystonias. The Dystonia Study Group provided additional funding. The Dystonia Medical Research provided coordination of study sites. The authors also acknowledge the coordinators at each of the sites: Tracy Waliczek (Rush), Mary Louise Weeks (Emory), Emily Muller, Sara Lewis (Beth Israel Medical Center); Katie Holmes (Univer- sity of Maryland); Christine Hunter, Lea Kiefer (Baylor College of Medicine); Laura Wright, Lin Yang (Washington University); Matthew Grana (University of Rochester); Brandon Rothberg (University of Toronto); Kyle Rizer (University of Florida); Amy Duffy (Mayo Clinic of Arizona, Scottsdale). This study was funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant NS 065701 from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke and the Office of Rare Diseases Research at the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH; the Dystonia Medical Research Foundation; and Allergan Inc. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.",
year = "2016",
month = apr,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1002/mds.26534",
language = "English",
volume = "31",
pages = "563--569",
journal = "Movement Disorders",
issn = "0885-3185",
number = "4",
}