@inbook{5096c47f75154fed8f8b537ec0770949,
title = "Chondrogenic Differentiation of Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells",
abstract = "The generation of large quantities of genetically defined human chondrocytes remains a critical step for the development of tissue engineering strategies for cartilage regeneration and high-throughput drug screening. This protocol describes chondrogenic differentiation of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), which can undergo genetic modification and the capacity for extensive cell expansion. The hiPSCs are differentiated in a stepwise manner in monolayer through the mesodermal lineage for 12 days using defined growth factors and small molecules. This is followed by 28 days of chondrogenic differentiation in a 3D pellet culture system using transforming growth factor beta 3 and specific compounds to inhibit off-target differentiation. The 6-week protocol results in hiPSC-derived cartilaginous tissue that can be characterized by histology, immunohistochemistry, and gene expression or enzymatically digested to isolate chondrocyte-like cells. Investigators can use this protocol for experiments including genetic engineering, in vitro disease modeling, or tissue engineering.",
keywords = "Chondrogenesis, Human iPSCs, Stem cells, Tissue-engineered cartilage",
author = "Dicks, {Amanda R.} and Nancy Steward and Farshid Guilak and Wu, {Chia Lung}",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.",
year = "2023",
doi = "10.1007/978-1-0716-2839-3_8",
language = "English",
series = "Methods in Molecular Biology",
publisher = "Humana Press Inc.",
pages = "87--114",
booktitle = "Methods in Molecular Biology",
}