TY - JOUR
T1 - Characterization of degree of intestinal fibrosis in patients with Crohn disease by using magnetization transfer MR imaging
AU - Li, Xue Hua
AU - Mao, Ren
AU - Huang, Si Yun
AU - Sun, Can Hui
AU - Cao, Qing Hua
AU - Fang, Zhuang Nian
AU - Zhang, Zhong Wei
AU - Huang, Li
AU - Lin, Jin Jiang
AU - Chen, Yu Jun
AU - Rimola, Jordi
AU - Rieder, Florian
AU - Chen, Min Hu
AU - Feng, Shi Ting
AU - Li, Zi Ping
N1 - Funding Information:
Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (81500501, 81600508, 81601514).
Publisher Copyright:
© RSNA, 2018.
PY - 2018/5
Y1 - 2018/5
N2 - Purpose: To evaluate the role of magnetization transfer (MT) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for the characterization of intestinal fibrosis compared with contrast material-enhanced and diffusion-weighted MR imaging and its capability for differentiating fibrotic from inflammatory strictures in humans with Crohn disease (CD) by using surgical histopathologic analysis as the reference standard. Materials and Methods: Institutional review board approval and informed consent were obtained for this prospective study. Abdominal MT imaging, contrast-enhanced imaging, and diffusion-weighted imaging of 31 consecutive patients with CD were analyzed before elective surgery. The bowel wall MT ratio normalized to skeletal muscle, the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and the percentage of enhancement gain were calculated; region-by-region correlations with the surgical specimen were performed to determine the histologic degree of fibrosis and inflammation. The performance of MT imaging was validated in five new patients. One-way analysis of variance test, Spearman rank correlation, and receiver operating characteristic curve were used for statistical analysis. Results: Normalized MT ratios strongly correlated with fibrosis scores (r = 0.769; P =.000) but did not correlate with inflammation scores (r = 20.034; P =.740). Significant differences (F = 49.002; P =.000) in normalized MT ratios were found among nonfibrotic, mildly, moderately, and severely fibrotic walls. The normalized MT ratios of mixed fibrotic and inflammatory bowel walls were significantly higher than those of bowel walls with only inflammation present (t = 28.52; P =.000). A high accuracy of normalized MT ratios was shown with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.919 (P =.000) for differentiating moderately to severely fibrotic bowel walls from nonfibrotic and mildly fibrotic bowel walls, followed by ADC (AUC, 0.747; P =.001) and the percentage of enhancement gain (AUC, 0.592; P =.209). The sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of MT imaging for diagnosing moderate to severe fibrosis in the validation data set were 80% (12 of 15), 100% (three of three), and 0.9 (P =.033), respectively. Conclusion: MT imaging outperforms ADC and contrast-enhanced imaging in detecting and distinguishing varying degrees of bowel fibrosis with or without coexisting inflammation. MT imaging could potentially be used as a method to differentiate fibrotic from inflammatory intestinal strictures in patients with CD.
AB - Purpose: To evaluate the role of magnetization transfer (MT) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging for the characterization of intestinal fibrosis compared with contrast material-enhanced and diffusion-weighted MR imaging and its capability for differentiating fibrotic from inflammatory strictures in humans with Crohn disease (CD) by using surgical histopathologic analysis as the reference standard. Materials and Methods: Institutional review board approval and informed consent were obtained for this prospective study. Abdominal MT imaging, contrast-enhanced imaging, and diffusion-weighted imaging of 31 consecutive patients with CD were analyzed before elective surgery. The bowel wall MT ratio normalized to skeletal muscle, the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), and the percentage of enhancement gain were calculated; region-by-region correlations with the surgical specimen were performed to determine the histologic degree of fibrosis and inflammation. The performance of MT imaging was validated in five new patients. One-way analysis of variance test, Spearman rank correlation, and receiver operating characteristic curve were used for statistical analysis. Results: Normalized MT ratios strongly correlated with fibrosis scores (r = 0.769; P =.000) but did not correlate with inflammation scores (r = 20.034; P =.740). Significant differences (F = 49.002; P =.000) in normalized MT ratios were found among nonfibrotic, mildly, moderately, and severely fibrotic walls. The normalized MT ratios of mixed fibrotic and inflammatory bowel walls were significantly higher than those of bowel walls with only inflammation present (t = 28.52; P =.000). A high accuracy of normalized MT ratios was shown with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.919 (P =.000) for differentiating moderately to severely fibrotic bowel walls from nonfibrotic and mildly fibrotic bowel walls, followed by ADC (AUC, 0.747; P =.001) and the percentage of enhancement gain (AUC, 0.592; P =.209). The sensitivity, specificity, and AUC of MT imaging for diagnosing moderate to severe fibrosis in the validation data set were 80% (12 of 15), 100% (three of three), and 0.9 (P =.033), respectively. Conclusion: MT imaging outperforms ADC and contrast-enhanced imaging in detecting and distinguishing varying degrees of bowel fibrosis with or without coexisting inflammation. MT imaging could potentially be used as a method to differentiate fibrotic from inflammatory intestinal strictures in patients with CD.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85043985706&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1148/radiol.2017171221
DO - 10.1148/radiol.2017171221
M3 - Article
C2 - 29357272
AN - SCOPUS:85043985706
SN - 0033-8419
VL - 287
SP - 494
EP - 503
JO - Radiology
JF - Radiology
IS - 2
ER -