TY - JOUR
T1 - CARMIL2 is a novel molecular connection between vimentin and actin essential for cell migration and invadopodia formation
AU - Hunter Lanier, M.
AU - Kim, Taekyung
AU - Cooper, John A.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Lanier et al.
PY - 2015/12/15
Y1 - 2015/12/15
N2 - Cancer cell migration requires the regulation of actin networks at protrusions associated with invadopodia and other leading edges. Carcinomas become invasive after undergoing an epithelial-mesenchymal transition characterized by the appearance of vimentin filaments. While vimentin expression correlates with cell migration, the molecular connections between vimentin-and actin-based membrane protrusions are not understood. We report here that CARMIL2 (capping protein, Arp2/3, myosin-I linker 2) provides such a molecular link. CARMIL2 localizes to vimentin, regulates actin capping protein (CP), and binds to membranes. CARMIL2 is necessary for invadopodia formation, as well as cell polarity, lamellipodial assembly, membrane ruffling, macropinocytosis, and collective cell migration. Using point mutants and chimeras with defined biochemical and cellular properties, we discovered that localization to vimentin and CP binding are both essential for the function of CARMIL2 in cells. On the basis of these results, we propose a model in which dynamic vimentin filaments target CARMIL2 to critical membrane-Associated locations, where CARMIL2 regulates CP, and thus actin assembly, to create cell protrusions.
AB - Cancer cell migration requires the regulation of actin networks at protrusions associated with invadopodia and other leading edges. Carcinomas become invasive after undergoing an epithelial-mesenchymal transition characterized by the appearance of vimentin filaments. While vimentin expression correlates with cell migration, the molecular connections between vimentin-and actin-based membrane protrusions are not understood. We report here that CARMIL2 (capping protein, Arp2/3, myosin-I linker 2) provides such a molecular link. CARMIL2 localizes to vimentin, regulates actin capping protein (CP), and binds to membranes. CARMIL2 is necessary for invadopodia formation, as well as cell polarity, lamellipodial assembly, membrane ruffling, macropinocytosis, and collective cell migration. Using point mutants and chimeras with defined biochemical and cellular properties, we discovered that localization to vimentin and CP binding are both essential for the function of CARMIL2 in cells. On the basis of these results, we propose a model in which dynamic vimentin filaments target CARMIL2 to critical membrane-Associated locations, where CARMIL2 regulates CP, and thus actin assembly, to create cell protrusions.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84951048024&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1091/mbc.E15-08-0552
DO - 10.1091/mbc.E15-08-0552
M3 - Article
C2 - 26466680
AN - SCOPUS:84951048024
SN - 1059-1524
VL - 26
SP - 4577
EP - 4588
JO - Molecular biology of the cell
JF - Molecular biology of the cell
IS - 25
ER -