TY - JOUR
T1 - Calcium, vitamin d, dairy foods, and the occurrence of colorectal adenomas among men and women in two prospective studies
AU - Kampman, Ellen
AU - Giovannucci, Edward
AU - Van't Veer, Pieter
AU - Rimm, Enc
AU - Stampfer, Meir J.
AU - Colditz, Graham A.
AU - Kok, Frans J.
AU - Willett, Walter C.
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (grant nos. CA55075 and CA4O935) and the American Cancer Society (Special Institution Grant no. 18), and by a grant from the National Dairy Promotional Research Board administered in cooperation with the National Dairy Council. Ellen Kampman was supported by grants from The Netherlands Digestive Diseases Foundation, The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, and the Dutch Dairy Foundation on Nutrition and Health. Edward Giovannucci was supported by a research fellowship from the Medical Foundation, Inc., Boston, MA. Graham Colditz was supported by grant FRA-398 from the American Cancer Society.
PY - 1994/1/1
Y1 - 1994/1/1
N2 - A high intake of calcium, vitamin D, or specific dairy products is thought to reduce the Incidence of colorectal cancer. The association of these nutrients and foods with the occurrence of colorectal adenomas, precursors of cancer, was studied In two large US cohort studies Cases were patients with a diagnosis of adenomatous polyps of the left colon or rectum (331 men, 1986-1990; 350 women, 1980-1988), and controls were persons with endoscopic findings negative for adenoma (9,159 men and 8,585 women). After adjustment for age, total energy, family history of colorectal cancer, body mass Index, alcohol consumption, folate, intake of saturated fat and fiber, Indications for endoscopy, and previous endoscopy, total calcium intake was not associated with the risk for adenoma (relative risk (RR), highest vs. lowest quintile of intake, men, 1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76-1.66; women, 1.17, 95% CI 0.81-1.69). Total vitamin D intake was unrelated to the risk for adenoma in men (RR = 1.29, 95% CI 0 87-1.93). An inverse nonsignificant association was observed in women in the 1980-1988 analyses (RR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.41-1.13, trend p = 0.09), mainly attributable to the intake of multivitamin supplements, but an analysis of 4-year data (1984-1988) using a more detailed dietary assessment showed no association with vitamin D (RR = 1.04, 95% CI 0.65-1.67). Milk consumption and intake of total fermented dairy products were not related to adenoma risk. In conclusion, the occurrence of colorectal adenoma was neither related to calcium intake nor to milk consumption, whereas vitamin D from supplements but not diet was slightly, but not significantly, inversely associated with risk among women only. Am J Epidemiol 1994;139:16-29.
AB - A high intake of calcium, vitamin D, or specific dairy products is thought to reduce the Incidence of colorectal cancer. The association of these nutrients and foods with the occurrence of colorectal adenomas, precursors of cancer, was studied In two large US cohort studies Cases were patients with a diagnosis of adenomatous polyps of the left colon or rectum (331 men, 1986-1990; 350 women, 1980-1988), and controls were persons with endoscopic findings negative for adenoma (9,159 men and 8,585 women). After adjustment for age, total energy, family history of colorectal cancer, body mass Index, alcohol consumption, folate, intake of saturated fat and fiber, Indications for endoscopy, and previous endoscopy, total calcium intake was not associated with the risk for adenoma (relative risk (RR), highest vs. lowest quintile of intake, men, 1.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76-1.66; women, 1.17, 95% CI 0.81-1.69). Total vitamin D intake was unrelated to the risk for adenoma in men (RR = 1.29, 95% CI 0 87-1.93). An inverse nonsignificant association was observed in women in the 1980-1988 analyses (RR = 0.68, 95% CI 0.41-1.13, trend p = 0.09), mainly attributable to the intake of multivitamin supplements, but an analysis of 4-year data (1984-1988) using a more detailed dietary assessment showed no association with vitamin D (RR = 1.04, 95% CI 0.65-1.67). Milk consumption and intake of total fermented dairy products were not related to adenoma risk. In conclusion, the occurrence of colorectal adenoma was neither related to calcium intake nor to milk consumption, whereas vitamin D from supplements but not diet was slightly, but not significantly, inversely associated with risk among women only. Am J Epidemiol 1994;139:16-29.
KW - Adenoma
KW - Calcium
KW - Colorectal neoplasms
KW - Dairy products
KW - Men
KW - Polyps
KW - Vitamin D
KW - Women
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0027983040&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116931
DO - 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116931
M3 - Article
C2 - 8296771
AN - SCOPUS:0027983040
SN - 0002-9262
VL - 139
SP - 16
EP - 29
JO - American journal of epidemiology
JF - American journal of epidemiology
IS - 1
ER -