TY - JOUR
T1 - Brain Metastases at presentation in patients with non-small cell lung cancer
AU - Waqar, Saiama N.
AU - Waqar, Sadaf H.
AU - Trinkaus, Kathryn
AU - Gadea, Carlos A.
AU - Robinson, Cliff G.
AU - Bradley, Jeffrey
AU - Watson, Mark A.
AU - Puri, Varun
AU - Govindan, Ramaswamy
AU - Morgensztern, Daniel
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
PY - 2015/9/3
Y1 - 2015/9/3
N2 - Objective: We used brain radiotherapy as a surrogate for the presence of brain metastases in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to determine the prevalence of brain metastases using the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database. Methods: Patients with NSCLC diagnosed between 1988 and 1997 were subdivided according to brain radiotherapy status at presentation into: "none" or "radiation therapy indicated." We calculated the frequency of brain radiotherapy use in all patients. Odds ratios (ORs) for the indication of brain radiotherapy were calculated for individual prespecified covariates of interest. All statistical tests were 2-sided and P < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: At presentation, brain radiotherapy was indicated in 10,963 (8.3%) of the 131,456 patients diagnosed with NSCLC between 1988 and 1997. On multivariable analysis the following were significantly associated with brain radiotherapy use: Age (OR, 0.653 per 10 y increase in age; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.642, 0.665); female sex (OR, 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.10]); adenocarcinoma histology (HR, 1.67; 95% CI: 1.58, 1.76) or large cell or other histology (OR, 1.67; 95% CI: 1.57, 1.77); tumor size > 3 cm (3.1 to 5 cm OR, 1.22; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.30 and >5 cm OR, 1.25; 95% CI: 1.17, 1.33); tumor grade >II (grade III OR, 1.82; 95% CI: 1.69, 1.95 and grade IV OR, 1.91; 95%CI: 1.73, 2.11); and nodal involvement N1 (OR, 1.33; 95% CI: 1.20, 1.47), N2 (OR, 2.24; 95% CI: 2.10, 2.40), and N3 (OR, 2.39; 95% CI: 2.19, 2.60). Conclusions: Brain radiotherapy is indicated in over 8% of patients with NSCLC at presentation. We demonstrated that the risk of brain metastasis at presentation may be stratified with the use of 6 clinical factors.
AB - Objective: We used brain radiotherapy as a surrogate for the presence of brain metastases in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to determine the prevalence of brain metastases using the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database. Methods: Patients with NSCLC diagnosed between 1988 and 1997 were subdivided according to brain radiotherapy status at presentation into: "none" or "radiation therapy indicated." We calculated the frequency of brain radiotherapy use in all patients. Odds ratios (ORs) for the indication of brain radiotherapy were calculated for individual prespecified covariates of interest. All statistical tests were 2-sided and P < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: At presentation, brain radiotherapy was indicated in 10,963 (8.3%) of the 131,456 patients diagnosed with NSCLC between 1988 and 1997. On multivariable analysis the following were significantly associated with brain radiotherapy use: Age (OR, 0.653 per 10 y increase in age; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.642, 0.665); female sex (OR, 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.10]); adenocarcinoma histology (HR, 1.67; 95% CI: 1.58, 1.76) or large cell or other histology (OR, 1.67; 95% CI: 1.57, 1.77); tumor size > 3 cm (3.1 to 5 cm OR, 1.22; 95% CI: 1.14, 1.30 and >5 cm OR, 1.25; 95% CI: 1.17, 1.33); tumor grade >II (grade III OR, 1.82; 95% CI: 1.69, 1.95 and grade IV OR, 1.91; 95%CI: 1.73, 2.11); and nodal involvement N1 (OR, 1.33; 95% CI: 1.20, 1.47), N2 (OR, 2.24; 95% CI: 2.10, 2.40), and N3 (OR, 2.39; 95% CI: 2.19, 2.60). Conclusions: Brain radiotherapy is indicated in over 8% of patients with NSCLC at presentation. We demonstrated that the risk of brain metastasis at presentation may be stratified with the use of 6 clinical factors.
KW - Brain metastasis
KW - Lung cancer
KW - Metastases
KW - Non-small cell lung cancer
KW - SEER
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84944339592&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/COC.0000000000000230
DO - 10.1097/COC.0000000000000230
M3 - Article
C2 - 26359696
AN - SCOPUS:84944339592
SN - 0277-3732
VL - 41
SP - 36
EP - 40
JO - American Journal of Clinical Oncology: Cancer Clinical Trials
JF - American Journal of Clinical Oncology: Cancer Clinical Trials
IS - 1
ER -