Biosynthesis of the human asialoglycoprotein receptor

The asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGP-R) isolated from human liver is a single polypeptide of M(r) = 46,000. Monospecific polyclonal anti-human ASGP-R antibodies as well as anti-rat ASGP-R antibodies specifically inhibit binding of ¹²⁵I-asialoorosomucoid to human hepatoma Hep G2 ASGP-R. These anti-ASGP-R antibodies specifically immunoprecipitate the 46,000-Da polypeptide from hepatoma cells labeled biosynthetically with ³⁵S-amino acid. The receptor is initially synthesized as a 40,000-Da precursor which is converted to the mature 46,000-Da species with a t( 1/2 ) of approximately 45 min. The precursor species is sensitive to endo-β-N-acetylglucosaminidase H and becomes resistant coincident with the appearance of the mature 46,000-Da receptor. In addition, the receptor synthesized in the presence of tunicamycin is approximately 34,000 Da. The newly synthesized ASGP-R reaches the cell surface after 45-60 min, where only the mature 46,000-Da species is present. In Hep G2 cells, the ASGP-R has a mean lifetime of approximately 30 h, a value which is unaltered during maximal rates of receptor-mediated endocytosis of ASGP.