TY - JOUR
T1 - Biomarkers for bile acid diarrhoea in functional bowel disorder with diarrhoea
T2 - A systematic review and meta-analysis
AU - Valentin, Nelson
AU - Camilleri, Michael
AU - Altayar, Osama
AU - Vijayvargiya, Priya
AU - Acosta, Andres
AU - Nelson, Alfred D.
AU - Murad, M. Hassan
N1 - Funding Information:
MC is supported by grants R01-DK92179 and R01-DK67071 from National Institutes of Health. The work was also supported by CTSA grant UL1 TR000135 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS), a component of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 Published by the BMJ Publishing Group Limited.
PY - 2016/12/1
Y1 - 2016/12/1
N2 - There is no universally available laboratory test to diagnose bile acid diarrhoea (BAD). Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify a biomarker for idiopathic BAD in patients with functional bowel disorder (FBD) with diarrhoea. Design: We searched multiple databases through 15 May 2015. Data were only available to estimate the diagnostic yield of each test (the prevalence of a positive test). Estimates were pooled across studies using the random effects model. Results: We included 36 studies, enrolling 5028 patients (24 using 75 selenium homotaurocholic acid test (75SeHCAT) retention of <10%, 6 using fasting serum C4, 3 using fasting serum fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) and 2 based on total faecal bile acid (BA) excretion over 48 h). The diagnostic yields (and 95% CI) of abnormal tests were: 0.308 (0.247 to 0.377) for 75SeHCAT retention (<10%), 0.171 (0.134 to 0.217) for serum C4, 0.248 (0.147 to 0.385) for serum FGF19 and 0.255 (0.071 to 0.606) for total faecal BA excretion over 48 h. The majority of the analyses were associated with substantial heterogeneity. Performance characteristics relative to a gold standard test could not be estimated. Conclusions: Overall, the test with the highest diagnostic yield conducted in the largest number of studies was 75SeHCAT retention, which is not widely available in many countries outside Europe and Canada. Using different diagnostic tests, 25% (average) of patients with lower FBD with diarrhoea has evidence of idiopathic BAD. These tests serve to identify idiopathic BAD among patients with FBD with diarrhoea. Further studies are required to appraise the performance characteristics of tests for idiopathic BAD.
AB - There is no universally available laboratory test to diagnose bile acid diarrhoea (BAD). Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify a biomarker for idiopathic BAD in patients with functional bowel disorder (FBD) with diarrhoea. Design: We searched multiple databases through 15 May 2015. Data were only available to estimate the diagnostic yield of each test (the prevalence of a positive test). Estimates were pooled across studies using the random effects model. Results: We included 36 studies, enrolling 5028 patients (24 using 75 selenium homotaurocholic acid test (75SeHCAT) retention of <10%, 6 using fasting serum C4, 3 using fasting serum fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF19) and 2 based on total faecal bile acid (BA) excretion over 48 h). The diagnostic yields (and 95% CI) of abnormal tests were: 0.308 (0.247 to 0.377) for 75SeHCAT retention (<10%), 0.171 (0.134 to 0.217) for serum C4, 0.248 (0.147 to 0.385) for serum FGF19 and 0.255 (0.071 to 0.606) for total faecal BA excretion over 48 h. The majority of the analyses were associated with substantial heterogeneity. Performance characteristics relative to a gold standard test could not be estimated. Conclusions: Overall, the test with the highest diagnostic yield conducted in the largest number of studies was 75SeHCAT retention, which is not widely available in many countries outside Europe and Canada. Using different diagnostic tests, 25% (average) of patients with lower FBD with diarrhoea has evidence of idiopathic BAD. These tests serve to identify idiopathic BAD among patients with FBD with diarrhoea. Further studies are required to appraise the performance characteristics of tests for idiopathic BAD.
KW - BILE ACID
KW - DIARRHOEA
KW - FUNCTIONAL BOWEL DISORDER
KW - IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84941670697&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-309889
DO - 10.1136/gutjnl-2015-309889
M3 - Review article
C2 - 26347530
AN - SCOPUS:84941670697
SN - 0017-5749
VL - 65
SP - 1951
EP - 1959
JO - Gut
JF - Gut
IS - 12
ER -