TY - JOUR
T1 - Beginnings of a Good Apoptotic Meal
T2 - The Find-Me and Eat-Me Signaling Pathways
AU - Ravichandran, Kodi S.
N1 - Funding Information:
K.S.R. acknowledges funding from the National Institutes of Health (GM064709) and the American Asthma Foundation. K.S.R. is a William Benter Senior Fellow of the American Asthma Foundation.
PY - 2011/10/28
Y1 - 2011/10/28
N2 - Prompt and efficient clearance of apoptotic cells is necessary to prevent secondary necrosis of dying cells and to avoid immune responses to autoantigens. Recent studies have shed light on how apoptotic cells through soluble " find-me" signals advertise their presence to phagocytes at the earliest stages of cell death. Phagocytes sense the find-me signal gradient, and in turn the presence of dying cells, and migrate to their vicinity. The apoptotic cells also expose specific " eat-me" signals on their surface that are recognized by phagocytes through specific engulfment receptors. This review covers the recent progress in the areas of find-me and eat-me signals and how these relate to prompt and immunologically silent clearance of apoptotic cells.
AB - Prompt and efficient clearance of apoptotic cells is necessary to prevent secondary necrosis of dying cells and to avoid immune responses to autoantigens. Recent studies have shed light on how apoptotic cells through soluble " find-me" signals advertise their presence to phagocytes at the earliest stages of cell death. Phagocytes sense the find-me signal gradient, and in turn the presence of dying cells, and migrate to their vicinity. The apoptotic cells also expose specific " eat-me" signals on their surface that are recognized by phagocytes through specific engulfment receptors. This review covers the recent progress in the areas of find-me and eat-me signals and how these relate to prompt and immunologically silent clearance of apoptotic cells.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=80755180853&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.immuni.2011.09.004
DO - 10.1016/j.immuni.2011.09.004
M3 - Review article
C2 - 22035837
AN - SCOPUS:80755180853
SN - 1074-7613
VL - 35
SP - 445
EP - 455
JO - Immunity
JF - Immunity
IS - 4
ER -