@article{3214cef6c6f4457f8e75ea1057cffa85,
title = "Beam-induced and cosmic-ray backgrounds observed in the ATLAS detector during the LHC 2012 proton-proton running period",
abstract = "This paper discusses various observations on beam-induced and cosmic-ray backgrounds in the ATLAS detector during the LHC 2012 proton-proton run. Building on published results based on 2011 data, the correlations between background and residual pressure of the beam vacuum are revisited. Ghost charge evolution over 2012 and its role for backgrounds are evaluated. New methods to monitor ghost charge with beam-gas rates are presented and observations of LHC abort gap population by ghost charge are discussed in detail. Fake jets from colliding bunches and from ghost charge are analysed with improved methods, showing that ghost charge in individual radio-frequency buckets of the LHC can be resolved. Some results of two short periods of dedicated cosmic-ray background data-taking are shown; in particular cosmic-ray muon induced fake jet rates are compared to Monte Carlo simulations and to the fake jet rates from beam background. A thorough analysis of a particular LHC fill, where abnormally high background was observed, is presented. Correlations between backgrounds and beam intensity losses in special fills with very high β∗ are studied.",
keywords = "Beam-intensity monitors, Beam-line instrumentation (beam position and profile monitors, Bunch length monitors), Data analysis, Performance of high energy physics detectors",
author = "{The ATLAS collaboration} and G. Aad and B. Abbott and J. Abdallah and O. Abdinov and B. Abeloos and R. Aben and M. Abolins and AbouZeid, {O. S.} and Abraham, {N. L.} and H. Abramowicz and H. Abreu and R. Abreu and Y. Abulaiti and Acharya, {B. S.} and L. Adamczyk and Adams, {D. L.} and J. Adelman and S. Adomeit and T. Adye and Affolder, {A. A.} and T. Agatonovic-Jovin and J. Agricola and Aguilar-Saavedra, {J. A.} and Ahlen, {S. P.} and F. Ahmadov and G. Aielli and H. Akerstedt and {\AA}kesson, {T. P.A.} and Akimov, {A. V.} and Alberghi, {G. L.} and J. Albert and S. Albrand and {Alconada Verzini}, {M. J.} and M. Aleksa and Aleksandrov, {I. N.} and C. Alexa and G. Alexander and T. Alexopoulos and M. Alhroob and M. Aliev and G. Alimonti and J. Alison and Alkire, {S. P.} and Allbrooke, {B. M.M.} and Allen, {B. W.} and Allport, {P. P.} and A. Aloisio and A. Alonso and F. Alonso and C. Alpigiani and {Alvarez Gonzalez}, B. and {{\'A}lvarez Piqueras}, D. and Alviggi, {M. G.} and Amadio, {B. T.} and K. Amako and {Amaral Coutinho}, Y. and C. Amelung and D. Amidei and {Amor Dos Santos}, {S. P.} and A. Amorim and S. Amoroso and N. Amram and G. Amundsen and C. Anastopoulos and Ancu, {L. S.} and N. Andari and T. Andeen and Anders, {C. F.} and G. Anders and Anders, {J. K.} and Anderson, {K. J.} and A. Andreazza and V. Andrei and S. Angelidakis and I. Angelozzi and P. Anger and A. Angerami and F. Anghinolfi and Anisenkov, {A. V.} and N. Anjos and A. Annovi and M. Antonelli and A. Antonov and J. Antos and F. Anulli and M. Aoki and {Aperio Bella}, L. and G. Arabidze and Y. Arai and Araque, {J. P.} and Arce, {A. T.H.} and Arduh, {F. A.} and G. Arduini and Arguin, {J. F.} and S. Argyropoulos and M. Arik and Armbruster, {A. J.} and Armitage, {L. J.} and O. Arnaez and H. Arnold and M. Arratia and O. Arslan and A. Artamonov and G. Artoni and S. Artz and S. Asai and N. Asbah and A. Ashkenazi and B. {\AA}sman and L. Asquith and K. Assamagan and R. Astalos and M. Atkinson and Atlay, {N. B.} and K. Augsten and G. Avolio and B. Axen and Ayoub, {M. K.} and G. Azuelos and Baak, {M. A.} and Baas, {A. E.} and Baca, {M. J.} and H. Bachacou and K. Bachas and M. Backes and M. Backhaus and P. Bagiacchi and P. Bagnaia and Y. Bai and Baines, {J. T.} and Baker, {O. K.} and Baldin, {E. M.} and P. Balek and T. Balestri and F. Balli and Balunas, {W. K.} and E. Banas and Sw Banerjee and Bannoura, {A. A.E.} and L. Barak and Barberio, {E. L.} and D. Barberis and M. Barbero and T. Barillari and T. Barklow and N. Barlow and Barnes, {S. L.} and Barnett, {B. M.} and Barnett, {R. M.} and Z. Barnovska and A. Baroncelli and G. Barone and Barr, {A. J.} and {Barranco Navarro}, L. and F. Barreiro and {Barreiro Guimar{\~a}es da Costa}, J. and R. Bartoldus and Barton, {A. E.} and P. Bartos and A. Basalaev and A. Bassalat and A. Basye and Bates, {R. L.} and Batista, {S. J.} and Batley, {J. R.} and M. Battaglia and M. Bauce and F. Bauer and Bawa, {H. S.} and Beacham, {J. B.} and Beattie, {M. D.} and T. Beau and Beauchemin, {P. H.} and P. Bechtle and Beck, {H. P.} and K. Becker and M. Becker and M. Beckingham and C. Becot and Beddall, {A. J.} and A. Beddall and Bednyakov, {V. A.} and M. Bedognetti and Bee, {C. P.} and Beemster, {L. J.} and Beermann, {T. A.} and M. Begel and Behr, {J. K.} and C. Belanger-Champagne and Bell, {A. S.} and G. Bella and L. Bellagamba and A. Bellerive and M. Bellomo and K. Belotskiy and O. Beltramello and Belyaev, {N. L.} and O. Benary and D. Benchekroun and X. Zhao",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2016 CERN for the benefit of the ATLAS collaboration.",
year = "2016",
month = may,
day = "20",
doi = "10.1088/1748-0221/11/05/P05013",
language = "English",
volume = "11",
journal = "Journal of Instrumentation",
issn = "1748-0221",
number = "5",
}