TY - JOUR
T1 - Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder subtypes and substance use and use disorders in NESARC
AU - De Alwis, Duneesha
AU - Lynskey, Michael T.
AU - Reiersen, Angela M.
AU - Agrawal, Arpana
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was funded by the National Institute of Drug Abuse (NIDA) grants T32DA007313 (DDA), K02DA32573 , DA25886 , and DA23668 (AA) and National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) grant MH-080287 (AMR). AMR also receives grant funds from the McDonnell Center for Systems Neuroscience and the McDonnell Center for Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology . The content in this paper is the responsibility of the authors and does not represent the official views of the funding agencies.
PY - 2014/8
Y1 - 2014/8
N2 - Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with substance use and substance use disorders (SUD). However, relatively little is known about the relationship between DSM-IV ADHD subtypes and substance use or DSM-IV abuse/dependence in epidemiological samples. Methods: Data were obtained from the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC, N. = 33,588). Respondents reported on ADHD symptoms (DSM-IV) for the period of time when they were 17. years or younger. Lifetime use and DSM-IV abuse/dependence of alcohol, nicotine, cannabis, cocaine, sedatives, stimulants and heroin/opiates were compared across those with ADHD symptoms but no diagnosis (ADHDsx; N. = 17,009), the Combined (ADHD-C; N. = 361), Predominantly Inattentive (ADHD-I; N. = 325), and the Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive (ADHD-HI; N. = 279) ADHD subtypes. Taking a more dimensional approach, inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptom counts and their associations with substance use and misuse were also examined. Results: After adjustments for conduct disorder, major depressive disorder, any anxiety disorder and other socio-demographic covariates, substance use and SUD were associated with ADHDsx, ADHD-C, ADHD-I and ADHD-HI. Overall, substance use and SUD were more weakly associated with the ADHDsx group compared to the three ADHD diagnostic groups.Statistically significant differences were not evident across the three diagnostic groups. Hyperactive-impulsive symptoms were more consistently associated with substance use and SUD compared to inattentive symptoms. Conclusions: ADHD subtypes are consistently associated with substance use and SUD. The relatively stronger association of hyperactive/impulsive symptoms with substance use and abuse/dependence is consistent with the extant literature noting impulsivity as a precursor of substance use and SUD.
AB - Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is associated with substance use and substance use disorders (SUD). However, relatively little is known about the relationship between DSM-IV ADHD subtypes and substance use or DSM-IV abuse/dependence in epidemiological samples. Methods: Data were obtained from the National Epidemiologic Survey of Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC, N. = 33,588). Respondents reported on ADHD symptoms (DSM-IV) for the period of time when they were 17. years or younger. Lifetime use and DSM-IV abuse/dependence of alcohol, nicotine, cannabis, cocaine, sedatives, stimulants and heroin/opiates were compared across those with ADHD symptoms but no diagnosis (ADHDsx; N. = 17,009), the Combined (ADHD-C; N. = 361), Predominantly Inattentive (ADHD-I; N. = 325), and the Predominantly Hyperactive-Impulsive (ADHD-HI; N. = 279) ADHD subtypes. Taking a more dimensional approach, inattentive and hyperactive-impulsive symptom counts and their associations with substance use and misuse were also examined. Results: After adjustments for conduct disorder, major depressive disorder, any anxiety disorder and other socio-demographic covariates, substance use and SUD were associated with ADHDsx, ADHD-C, ADHD-I and ADHD-HI. Overall, substance use and SUD were more weakly associated with the ADHDsx group compared to the three ADHD diagnostic groups.Statistically significant differences were not evident across the three diagnostic groups. Hyperactive-impulsive symptoms were more consistently associated with substance use and SUD compared to inattentive symptoms. Conclusions: ADHD subtypes are consistently associated with substance use and SUD. The relatively stronger association of hyperactive/impulsive symptoms with substance use and abuse/dependence is consistent with the extant literature noting impulsivity as a precursor of substance use and SUD.
KW - ADHD subtypes
KW - Substance use
KW - Substance use disorders
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84899903784&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.04.003
DO - 10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.04.003
M3 - Article
C2 - 24821471
AN - SCOPUS:84899903784
SN - 0306-4603
VL - 39
SP - 1278
EP - 1285
JO - Addictive Behaviors
JF - Addictive Behaviors
IS - 8
ER -