Associations Between Jet Lag and Cortisol Diurnal Rhythms After Domestic Travel

Leah D. Doane; William S. Kremen; Lindon J. Eaves; Seth A. Eisen; Richard Hauger; Dirk Hellhammer; Seymour Levine; Sonia Lupien; Michael J. Lyons; Sally Mendoza; Elizabeth Prom-Wormley; Hong Xian; Timothy P. York; Carol E. Franz; Kristen C. Jacobson

doi:10.1037/a0017865

Associations Between Jet Lag and Cortisol Diurnal Rhythms After Domestic Travel

Leah D. Doane, William S. Kremen, Lindon J. Eaves, Seth A. Eisen, Richard Hauger, Dirk Hellhammer, Seymour Levine, Sonia Lupien, Michael J. Lyons, Sally Mendoza, Elizabeth Prom-Wormley, Hong Xian, Timothy P. York, Carol E. Franz, Kristen C. Jacobson

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

24 Scopus citations

Abstract

Objective: Millions of adults in the United States travel abruptly across time zones each year. Nevertheless, the impact of traveling over relatively short distances (across 3 or fewer time zones) on diurnal patterning of typical physiological response patterns has yet to be studied in a large, epidemiological sample. Design: The current research focuses on 764 middle-aged men comparing variations in diurnal cortisol regulation based on number of time zones traveled eastward or westward the day before. Main Outcome Measure: Participants provided samples of salivary cortisol at waking, 30-min postwaking, 10 a.m., 3 p.m., and bedtime. Results: Eastward travel was associated with a steeper salivary cortisol awakening response (p < .01) and lower peak (PEAK) levels of salivary cortisol the next morning (p < .05). Westward travel was associated with lower peak levels of cortisol the next morning (p < .05). Effect sizes for these differences ranged from Cohen's d = .29 to .47. Differences were not present for 2 days in their home environment. Conclusions: The results provide evidence that traveling across time zones is associated with diurnal cortisol regulation and should be studied further to understand the subsequent impacts on health and well-being in large national samples.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	117-123
Number of pages	7
Journal	Health Psychology
Volume	29
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017865
State	Published - Mar 2010

Keywords

cortisol diumal rhythms
jet lag
travel

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10.1037/a0017865

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title = "Associations Between Jet Lag and Cortisol Diurnal Rhythms After Domestic Travel",

abstract = "Objective: Millions of adults in the United States travel abruptly across time zones each year. Nevertheless, the impact of traveling over relatively short distances (across 3 or fewer time zones) on diurnal patterning of typical physiological response patterns has yet to be studied in a large, epidemiological sample. Design: The current research focuses on 764 middle-aged men comparing variations in diurnal cortisol regulation based on number of time zones traveled eastward or westward the day before. Main Outcome Measure: Participants provided samples of salivary cortisol at waking, 30-min postwaking, 10 a.m., 3 p.m., and bedtime. Results: Eastward travel was associated with a steeper salivary cortisol awakening response (p < .01) and lower peak (PEAK) levels of salivary cortisol the next morning (p < .05). Westward travel was associated with lower peak levels of cortisol the next morning (p < .05). Effect sizes for these differences ranged from Cohen's d = .29 to .47. Differences were not present for 2 days in their home environment. Conclusions: The results provide evidence that traveling across time zones is associated with diurnal cortisol regulation and should be studied further to understand the subsequent impacts on health and well-being in large national samples.",

keywords = "cortisol diumal rhythms, jet lag, travel",

author = "Doane, {Leah D.} and Kremen, {William S.} and Eaves, {Lindon J.} and Eisen, {Seth A.} and Richard Hauger and Dirk Hellhammer and Seymour Levine and Sonia Lupien and Lyons, {Michael J.} and Sally Mendoza and Elizabeth Prom-Wormley and Hong Xian and York, {Timothy P.} and Franz, {Carol E.} and Jacobson, {Kristen C.}",

year = "2010",

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doi = "10.1037/a0017865",

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AU - Kremen, William S.

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AU - Eisen, Seth A.

AU - Hauger, Richard

AU - Hellhammer, Dirk

AU - Levine, Seymour

AU - Lupien, Sonia

AU - Lyons, Michael J.

AU - Mendoza, Sally

AU - Prom-Wormley, Elizabeth

AU - Xian, Hong

AU - York, Timothy P.

AU - Franz, Carol E.

AU - Jacobson, Kristen C.

PY - 2010/3

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N2 - Objective: Millions of adults in the United States travel abruptly across time zones each year. Nevertheless, the impact of traveling over relatively short distances (across 3 or fewer time zones) on diurnal patterning of typical physiological response patterns has yet to be studied in a large, epidemiological sample. Design: The current research focuses on 764 middle-aged men comparing variations in diurnal cortisol regulation based on number of time zones traveled eastward or westward the day before. Main Outcome Measure: Participants provided samples of salivary cortisol at waking, 30-min postwaking, 10 a.m., 3 p.m., and bedtime. Results: Eastward travel was associated with a steeper salivary cortisol awakening response (p < .01) and lower peak (PEAK) levels of salivary cortisol the next morning (p < .05). Westward travel was associated with lower peak levels of cortisol the next morning (p < .05). Effect sizes for these differences ranged from Cohen's d = .29 to .47. Differences were not present for 2 days in their home environment. Conclusions: The results provide evidence that traveling across time zones is associated with diurnal cortisol regulation and should be studied further to understand the subsequent impacts on health and well-being in large national samples.

AB - Objective: Millions of adults in the United States travel abruptly across time zones each year. Nevertheless, the impact of traveling over relatively short distances (across 3 or fewer time zones) on diurnal patterning of typical physiological response patterns has yet to be studied in a large, epidemiological sample. Design: The current research focuses on 764 middle-aged men comparing variations in diurnal cortisol regulation based on number of time zones traveled eastward or westward the day before. Main Outcome Measure: Participants provided samples of salivary cortisol at waking, 30-min postwaking, 10 a.m., 3 p.m., and bedtime. Results: Eastward travel was associated with a steeper salivary cortisol awakening response (p < .01) and lower peak (PEAK) levels of salivary cortisol the next morning (p < .05). Westward travel was associated with lower peak levels of cortisol the next morning (p < .05). Effect sizes for these differences ranged from Cohen's d = .29 to .47. Differences were not present for 2 days in their home environment. Conclusions: The results provide evidence that traveling across time zones is associated with diurnal cortisol regulation and should be studied further to understand the subsequent impacts on health and well-being in large national samples.

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Associations Between Jet Lag and Cortisol Diurnal Rhythms After Domestic Travel

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