TY - JOUR
T1 - Approaches to Defining Common and Dissociable Neurobiological Deficits Associated With Psychopathology in Youth
AU - Kaczkurkin, Antonia N.
AU - Moore, Tyler M.
AU - Sotiras, Aristeidis
AU - Xia, Cedric Huchuan
AU - Shinohara, Russell T.
AU - Satterthwaite, Theodore D.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Society of Biological Psychiatry
PY - 2020/7/1
Y1 - 2020/7/1
N2 - Psychiatric disorders show high rates of comorbidity and nonspecificity of presenting clinical symptoms, while demonstrating substantial heterogeneity within diagnostic categories. Notably, many of these psychiatric disorders first manifest in youth. We review progress and next steps in efforts to parse heterogeneity in psychiatric symptoms in youths by identifying abnormalities within neural circuits. To address this fundamental challenge in psychiatry, a number of methods have been proposed. We provide an overview of these methods, broadly organized into dimensional versus categorical approaches and single-view versus multiview approaches. Dimensional approaches including factor analysis and canonical correlation analysis aim to capture dimensional associations between psychopathology and brain measures across a continuous spectrum from health to disease. In contrast, categorical approaches, such as clustering and community detection, aim to identify subtypes of individuals within a class of symptoms or brain features. We highlight several studies that apply these methods to samples of youths and discuss issues to consider when using these approaches. Finally, we end by highlighting avenues for future research.
AB - Psychiatric disorders show high rates of comorbidity and nonspecificity of presenting clinical symptoms, while demonstrating substantial heterogeneity within diagnostic categories. Notably, many of these psychiatric disorders first manifest in youth. We review progress and next steps in efforts to parse heterogeneity in psychiatric symptoms in youths by identifying abnormalities within neural circuits. To address this fundamental challenge in psychiatry, a number of methods have been proposed. We provide an overview of these methods, broadly organized into dimensional versus categorical approaches and single-view versus multiview approaches. Dimensional approaches including factor analysis and canonical correlation analysis aim to capture dimensional associations between psychopathology and brain measures across a continuous spectrum from health to disease. In contrast, categorical approaches, such as clustering and community detection, aim to identify subtypes of individuals within a class of symptoms or brain features. We highlight several studies that apply these methods to samples of youths and discuss issues to consider when using these approaches. Finally, we end by highlighting avenues for future research.
KW - Adolescents
KW - Heterogeneity
KW - Imaging
KW - Neurobiology
KW - Psychopathology
KW - Youth
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85079841627&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.12.015
DO - 10.1016/j.biopsych.2019.12.015
M3 - Review article
C2 - 32087950
AN - SCOPUS:85079841627
SN - 0006-3223
VL - 88
SP - 51
EP - 62
JO - Biological Psychiatry
JF - Biological Psychiatry
IS - 1
ER -