TY - JOUR
T1 - Applicability of US Food and Drug Administration Labeling for Dapagliflozin to Patients with Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction in US Clinical Practice
T2 - The Get with the Guidelines-Heart Failure (GWTG-HF) Registry
AU - Vaduganathan, Muthiah
AU - Greene, Stephen J.
AU - Zhang, Shuaiqi
AU - Grau-Sepulveda, Maria
AU - Devore, Adam D.
AU - Butler, Javed
AU - Heidenreich, Paul A.
AU - Huang, Joanna C.
AU - Kittleson, Michelle M.
AU - Joynt Maddox, Karen E.
AU - McDermott, James J.
AU - Owens, Anjali Tiku
AU - Peterson, Pamela N.
AU - Solomon, Scott D.
AU - Vardeny, Orly
AU - Yancy, Clyde W.
AU - Fonarow, Gregg C.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
PY - 2021/3
Y1 - 2021/3
N2 - Importance: In May 2020, dapagliflozin was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as the first sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), based on the Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in Heart Failure (DAPA-HF) trial. Limited data are available characterizing the generalizability of dapagliflozin to US clinical practice. Objective: To evaluate candidacy for initiation of dapagliflozin based on the FDA label among contemporary patients with HFrEF in the US. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study included 154714 patients with HFrEF (left ventricular ejection fraction =40%) hospitalized at 406 sites in the Get With the Guidelines-Heart Failure (GWTG-HF) registry admitted between January 1, 2014, and September 30, 2019. Patients who left against medical advice, transferred to an acute care facility or to hospice, or had missing data were excluded. The FDA label (which excluded patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] <30 mL/min/1.73 m2, those undergoing dialysis, and those with type 1 diabetes) was applied to the GWTG-HF registry sample. Data analyses were conducted from April 1 to June 30, 2020. Main Outcomes and Measures: The proportion of patients hospitalized with HFrEF who would be candidates for dapagliflozin under the FDA label. Results: Among 154714 patients hospitalized with HFrEF, 125497 (81.1%; 83481 men [66.5%]; mean [SD] age, 68 [15] years) would be candidates for dapagliflozin according to the FDA label. Across 355 sites with patients with 10 or more hospitalizations, the median proportion of candidates for dapagliflozin according to the FDA label was 81.1% (interquartile range, 77.8%-84.6%) at each site. This proportion was similar across all study years (interquartile range, 80.4%-81.7%) and was higher among those without type 2 diabetes than with type 2 diabetes (85.5% vs 75.6%). Among GWTG-HF participants, the most frequent reason for not meeting the FDA label criteria was eGFR less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 at discharge (18.5%). Among 75654 patients with available paired admission and discharge data, 14.2% had an eGFR less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 at both time points, while 3.8% developed an eGFR less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 by discharge. Although there were more older adults, women, and Black patients in the GWTG-HF registry than in the DAPA-HF trial, most clinical characteristics were qualitatively similar between the 2 groups. Compared with the DAPA-HF trial cohort, there was lower use of evidence-based HF therapies among patients in GWTG-HF. Conclusions and Relevance: These data from a large, contemporary US registry of patients hospitalized with heart failure suggest that 4 of 5 patients with HFrEF (with or without type 2 diabetes) would be candidates for initiation of dapagliflozin, supporting its broad generalizability to US clinical practice.
AB - Importance: In May 2020, dapagliflozin was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as the first sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor for heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), based on the Dapagliflozin and Prevention of Adverse Outcomes in Heart Failure (DAPA-HF) trial. Limited data are available characterizing the generalizability of dapagliflozin to US clinical practice. Objective: To evaluate candidacy for initiation of dapagliflozin based on the FDA label among contemporary patients with HFrEF in the US. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cohort study included 154714 patients with HFrEF (left ventricular ejection fraction =40%) hospitalized at 406 sites in the Get With the Guidelines-Heart Failure (GWTG-HF) registry admitted between January 1, 2014, and September 30, 2019. Patients who left against medical advice, transferred to an acute care facility or to hospice, or had missing data were excluded. The FDA label (which excluded patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] <30 mL/min/1.73 m2, those undergoing dialysis, and those with type 1 diabetes) was applied to the GWTG-HF registry sample. Data analyses were conducted from April 1 to June 30, 2020. Main Outcomes and Measures: The proportion of patients hospitalized with HFrEF who would be candidates for dapagliflozin under the FDA label. Results: Among 154714 patients hospitalized with HFrEF, 125497 (81.1%; 83481 men [66.5%]; mean [SD] age, 68 [15] years) would be candidates for dapagliflozin according to the FDA label. Across 355 sites with patients with 10 or more hospitalizations, the median proportion of candidates for dapagliflozin according to the FDA label was 81.1% (interquartile range, 77.8%-84.6%) at each site. This proportion was similar across all study years (interquartile range, 80.4%-81.7%) and was higher among those without type 2 diabetes than with type 2 diabetes (85.5% vs 75.6%). Among GWTG-HF participants, the most frequent reason for not meeting the FDA label criteria was eGFR less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 at discharge (18.5%). Among 75654 patients with available paired admission and discharge data, 14.2% had an eGFR less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 at both time points, while 3.8% developed an eGFR less than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 by discharge. Although there were more older adults, women, and Black patients in the GWTG-HF registry than in the DAPA-HF trial, most clinical characteristics were qualitatively similar between the 2 groups. Compared with the DAPA-HF trial cohort, there was lower use of evidence-based HF therapies among patients in GWTG-HF. Conclusions and Relevance: These data from a large, contemporary US registry of patients hospitalized with heart failure suggest that 4 of 5 patients with HFrEF (with or without type 2 diabetes) would be candidates for initiation of dapagliflozin, supporting its broad generalizability to US clinical practice.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85096172203&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.5864
DO - 10.1001/jamacardio.2020.5864
M3 - Article
C2 - 33185662
AN - SCOPUS:85096172203
SN - 2380-6583
VL - 6
SP - 267
EP - 275
JO - JAMA Cardiology
JF - JAMA Cardiology
IS - 3
ER -