TY - JOUR
T1 - Antimicrobial peptides in the duodenum at the acute and convalescent stages in patients with diarrhea due to Vibrio cholerae O1 or enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli infection
AU - Shirin, Tahmina
AU - Rahman, Arman
AU - Danielsson, Åke
AU - Uddin, Taher
AU - Bhuyian, Taufiqur Rahman
AU - Sheikh, Alaullah
AU - Qadri, Syed Saleheen
AU - Qadri, Firdausi
AU - Hammarström, Marie Louise
N1 - Funding Information:
This study was supported by funds from the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh and from grants from the Swedish Agency for Research and Economic Cooperation (SIDA-Sarec) (grant INT-ICDDR, B-HN-01-AV ), the Swedish Science Research Council – Natural Sciences and Engineering Sciences , the Medical Faculty of Umeå University , the Ihre’s Fund , the Juhlin’s Fund and the County of Västerbotten .
PY - 2011/11
Y1 - 2011/11
N2 - Patients with acute watery diarrhea caused by Vibrio cholerae O1 or enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) were analyzed for innate immune factors produced by the epithelium during the disease process. Duodenal biopsies were obtained from study participants at the acute (day 2) and convalescent (day 21) stages of disease. Levels of α-defensin (HD-5 and -6), β-defensin (hBD-1-4), and cathelicidin (LL-37) mRNAs were determined by real-time qRT-PCR. hBD-2, HD-5, LL-37 peptides were analyzed in duodenal epithelium by immunomorphometry. Concentration of hBD-2 in stool was determined by ELISA. Specimens from healthy controls were also analyzed. hBD-2 mRNA levels were significantly increased at acute stage of diarrhea; hBD-2 peptide was detected in fecal specimens but barely in duodenal epithelium at acute stage. Immunomorphometry analysis showed that Paneth cells contain significantly higher amounts of HD-5 pre/propeptide at convalescence (P<0.01) and in healthy controls (P<0.001) compared to acute stage, LL-37 peptide levels also decreased at acute stage while mRNA levels remained unchanged. mRNA expression levels of the other antimicrobial peptides remained unchanged with higher levels of α-defensins than β-defensins. V. cholerae induced an innate immune response at the acute stage of disease characterized by increased expression of hBD-2, and continued expression of hBD-1, HD-5-6, and LL-37.
AB - Patients with acute watery diarrhea caused by Vibrio cholerae O1 or enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) were analyzed for innate immune factors produced by the epithelium during the disease process. Duodenal biopsies were obtained from study participants at the acute (day 2) and convalescent (day 21) stages of disease. Levels of α-defensin (HD-5 and -6), β-defensin (hBD-1-4), and cathelicidin (LL-37) mRNAs were determined by real-time qRT-PCR. hBD-2, HD-5, LL-37 peptides were analyzed in duodenal epithelium by immunomorphometry. Concentration of hBD-2 in stool was determined by ELISA. Specimens from healthy controls were also analyzed. hBD-2 mRNA levels were significantly increased at acute stage of diarrhea; hBD-2 peptide was detected in fecal specimens but barely in duodenal epithelium at acute stage. Immunomorphometry analysis showed that Paneth cells contain significantly higher amounts of HD-5 pre/propeptide at convalescence (P<0.01) and in healthy controls (P<0.001) compared to acute stage, LL-37 peptide levels also decreased at acute stage while mRNA levels remained unchanged. mRNA expression levels of the other antimicrobial peptides remained unchanged with higher levels of α-defensins than β-defensins. V. cholerae induced an innate immune response at the acute stage of disease characterized by increased expression of hBD-2, and continued expression of hBD-1, HD-5-6, and LL-37.
KW - Antimicrobial peptide
KW - ETEC
KW - MRNA expression
KW - V. cholerae O1
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=80053386551&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.micinf.2011.06.014
DO - 10.1016/j.micinf.2011.06.014
M3 - Article
C2 - 21782033
AN - SCOPUS:80053386551
SN - 1286-4579
VL - 13
SP - 1111
EP - 1120
JO - Microbes and Infection
JF - Microbes and Infection
IS - 12-13
ER -