Antihelium-3 sensitivity for the GRAMS experiment

J. Zeng; T. Aramaki; K. Aoyama; S. Arai; S. Arai; J. Asaadi; A. Bamba; N. Cannady; P. Coppi; G. De Nolfo; M. Errando; L. Fabris; T. Fujiwara; Y. Fukazawa; P. Ghosh; K. Hagino; T. Hakamata; N. Hiroshima; M. Ichihashi; Y. Ichinohe; Y. Inoue; K. Ishikawa; K. Ishiwata; T. Iwata; G. Karagiorgi; T. Kato; H. Kawamura; D. Khangulyan; J. Krizmanic; J. LeyVa; A. Malige; J. G. Mitchell; J. W. Mitchell; R. Mukherjee; R. Nakajima; K. Nakazawa; H. Odaka; K. Okuma; K. Perez; N. Poudyal; I. Safa; K. Sakai; M. Sasaki; W. Seligman; J. Sensenig; K. Shirahama; T. Shiraishi; S. Smith; Y. Suda; A. Suraj; H. Takahashi; S. Takashima; T. Tamba; M. Tanaka; S. Tandon; R. Tatsumi; J. Tomsick; N. Tsuji; Y. Uchida; Y. Utsumi; S. Watanabe; Y. Yano; K. Yawata; H. Yoneda; K. Yorita; M. Yoshimoto

doi:10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103152

Antihelium-3 sensitivity for the GRAMS experiment

J. Zeng
, T. Aramaki
, K. Aoyama
, S. Arai
, S. Arai
, J. Asaadi
, A. Bamba
, N. Cannady
, P. Coppi
, G. De Nolfo
, M. Errando
, L. Fabris
, T. Fujiwara
, Y. Fukazawa
, P. Ghosh
, K. Hagino
, T. Hakamata
, N. Hiroshima
, M. Ichihashi
, Y. Ichinohe

Y. Inoue, K. Ishikawa, K. Ishiwata, T. Iwata, G. Karagiorgi, T. Kato, H. Kawamura, D. Khangulyan, J. Krizmanic, J. LeyVa, A. Malige, J. G. Mitchell, J. W. Mitchell, R. Mukherjee, R. Nakajima, K. Nakazawa, H. Odaka, K. Okuma, K. Perez, N. Poudyal, I. Safa, K. Sakai, M. Sasaki, W. Seligman, J. Sensenig, K. Shirahama, T. Shiraishi, S. Smith, Y. Suda, A. Suraj, H. Takahashi, S. Takashima, T. Tamba, M. Tanaka, S. Tandon, R. Tatsumi, J. Tomsick, N. Tsuji, Y. Uchida, Y. Utsumi, S. Watanabe, Y. Yano, K. Yawata, H. Yoneda, K. Yorita, M. Yoshimoto

Department of Physics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

The Gamma-Ray and AntiMatter Survey (GRAMS) is a next-generation balloon/satellite mission utilizing a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) detector to measure both MeV gamma rays and antinuclei produced by dark matter annihilation or decay. The GRAMS can identify antihelium-3 events based on the measurements of X-rays and charged pions from the decay of the exotic atoms, Time of Flight (TOF), energy deposition, and stopping range. This paper shows the antihelium-3 sensitivity estimation using a GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulation. For the proposed long-duration balloon (LDB) flight program (35 days × 3 flights) and future satellite mission (2-year observation/10-year observation), the sensitivities become 1.47 × 10⁻⁷ [m² s sr GeV/n]⁻¹ and 1.55 × 10⁻⁹ [m² s sr GeV/n]⁻¹/3.10×10⁻¹⁰ [m² s sr GeV/n]⁻¹, respectively. The results indicate that GRAMS can extensively investigate various dark matter models through the antihelium-3 measurements.

Original language	English
Article number	103152
Journal	Astroparticle Physics
Volume	173
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103152
State	Published - Nov 2025

Keywords

Antihelium-3
Antiparticle
Antiproton
Dark matter
GRAMS

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10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103152

Cite this

Zeng, J., Aramaki, T., Aoyama, K., Arai, S., Arai, S., Asaadi, J., Bamba, A., Cannady, N., Coppi, P., De Nolfo, G., Errando, M., Fabris, L., Fujiwara, T., Fukazawa, Y., Ghosh, P., Hagino, K., Hakamata, T., Hiroshima, N., Ichihashi, M., ... Yoshimoto, M. (2025). Antihelium-3 sensitivity for the GRAMS experiment. Astroparticle Physics, 173, Article 103152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103152

@article{b4711b0e5e9c47a4a70a0528f597a095,

title = "Antihelium-3 sensitivity for the GRAMS experiment",

abstract = "The Gamma-Ray and AntiMatter Survey (GRAMS) is a next-generation balloon/satellite mission utilizing a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) detector to measure both MeV gamma rays and antinuclei produced by dark matter annihilation or decay. The GRAMS can identify antihelium-3 events based on the measurements of X-rays and charged pions from the decay of the exotic atoms, Time of Flight (TOF), energy deposition, and stopping range. This paper shows the antihelium-3 sensitivity estimation using a GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulation. For the proposed long-duration balloon (LDB) flight program (35 days × 3 flights) and future satellite mission (2-year observation/10-year observation), the sensitivities become 1.47 × 10−7 [m2 s sr GeV/n]−1 and 1.55 × 10−9 [m2 s sr GeV/n]−1/3.10×10−10 [m2 s sr GeV/n]−1, respectively. The results indicate that GRAMS can extensively investigate various dark matter models through the antihelium-3 measurements.",

keywords = "Antihelium-3, Antiparticle, Antiproton, Dark matter, GRAMS",

author = "J. Zeng and T. Aramaki and K. Aoyama and S. Arai and S. Arai and J. Asaadi and A. Bamba and N. Cannady and P. Coppi and \{De Nolfo\}, G. and M. Errando and L. Fabris and T. Fujiwara and Y. Fukazawa and P. Ghosh and K. Hagino and T. Hakamata and N. Hiroshima and M. Ichihashi and Y. Ichinohe and Y. Inoue and K. Ishikawa and K. Ishiwata and T. Iwata and G. Karagiorgi and T. Kato and H. Kawamura and D. Khangulyan and J. Krizmanic and J. LeyVa and A. Malige and Mitchell, \{J. G.\} and Mitchell, \{J. W.\} and R. Mukherjee and R. Nakajima and K. Nakazawa and H. Odaka and K. Okuma and K. Perez and N. Poudyal and I. Safa and K. Sakai and M. Sasaki and W. Seligman and J. Sensenig and K. Shirahama and T. Shiraishi and S. Smith and Y. Suda and A. Suraj and H. Takahashi and S. Takashima and T. Tamba and M. Tanaka and S. Tandon and R. Tatsumi and J. Tomsick and N. Tsuji and Y. Uchida and Y. Utsumi and S. Watanabe and Y. Yano and K. Yawata and H. Yoneda and K. Yorita and M. Yoshimoto",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2025 The Authors",

year = "2025",

month = nov,

doi = "10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103152",

language = "English",

volume = "173",

journal = "Astroparticle Physics",

issn = "0927-6505",

}

Zeng, J, Aramaki, T, Aoyama, K, Arai, S, Arai, S, Asaadi, J, Bamba, A, Cannady, N, Coppi, P, De Nolfo, G, Errando, M, Fabris, L, Fujiwara, T, Fukazawa, Y, Ghosh, P, Hagino, K, Hakamata, T, Hiroshima, N, Ichihashi, M, Ichinohe, Y, Inoue, Y, Ishikawa, K, Ishiwata, K, Iwata, T, Karagiorgi, G, Kato, T, Kawamura, H, Khangulyan, D, Krizmanic, J, LeyVa, J, Malige, A, Mitchell, JG, Mitchell, JW, Mukherjee, R, Nakajima, R, Nakazawa, K, Odaka, H, Okuma, K, Perez, K, Poudyal, N, Safa, I, Sakai, K, Sasaki, M, Seligman, W, Sensenig, J, Shirahama, K, Shiraishi, T, Smith, S, Suda, Y, Suraj, A, Takahashi, H, Takashima, S, Tamba, T, Tanaka, M, Tandon, S, Tatsumi, R, Tomsick, J, Tsuji, N, Uchida, Y, Utsumi, Y, Watanabe, S, Yano, Y, Yawata, K, Yoneda, H, Yorita, K & Yoshimoto, M 2025, 'Antihelium-3 sensitivity for the GRAMS experiment', Astroparticle Physics, vol. 173, 103152. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103152

TY - JOUR

T1 - Antihelium-3 sensitivity for the GRAMS experiment

AU - Zeng, J.

AU - Aramaki, T.

AU - Aoyama, K.

AU - Arai, S.

AU - Asaadi, J.

AU - Bamba, A.

AU - Cannady, N.

AU - Coppi, P.

AU - De Nolfo, G.

AU - Errando, M.

AU - Fabris, L.

AU - Fujiwara, T.

AU - Fukazawa, Y.

AU - Ghosh, P.

AU - Hagino, K.

AU - Hakamata, T.

AU - Hiroshima, N.

AU - Ichihashi, M.

AU - Ichinohe, Y.

AU - Inoue, Y.

AU - Ishikawa, K.

AU - Ishiwata, K.

AU - Iwata, T.

AU - Karagiorgi, G.

AU - Kato, T.

AU - Kawamura, H.

AU - Khangulyan, D.

AU - Krizmanic, J.

AU - LeyVa, J.

AU - Malige, A.

AU - Mitchell, J. G.

AU - Mitchell, J. W.

AU - Mukherjee, R.

AU - Nakajima, R.

AU - Nakazawa, K.

AU - Odaka, H.

AU - Okuma, K.

AU - Perez, K.

AU - Poudyal, N.

AU - Safa, I.

AU - Sakai, K.

AU - Sasaki, M.

AU - Seligman, W.

AU - Sensenig, J.

AU - Shirahama, K.

AU - Shiraishi, T.

AU - Smith, S.

AU - Suda, Y.

AU - Suraj, A.

AU - Takahashi, H.

AU - Takashima, S.

AU - Tamba, T.

AU - Tanaka, M.

AU - Tandon, S.

AU - Tatsumi, R.

AU - Tomsick, J.

AU - Tsuji, N.

AU - Uchida, Y.

AU - Utsumi, Y.

AU - Watanabe, S.

AU - Yano, Y.

AU - Yawata, K.

AU - Yoneda, H.

AU - Yorita, K.

AU - Yoshimoto, M.

PY - 2025/11

Y1 - 2025/11

N2 - The Gamma-Ray and AntiMatter Survey (GRAMS) is a next-generation balloon/satellite mission utilizing a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) detector to measure both MeV gamma rays and antinuclei produced by dark matter annihilation or decay. The GRAMS can identify antihelium-3 events based on the measurements of X-rays and charged pions from the decay of the exotic atoms, Time of Flight (TOF), energy deposition, and stopping range. This paper shows the antihelium-3 sensitivity estimation using a GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulation. For the proposed long-duration balloon (LDB) flight program (35 days × 3 flights) and future satellite mission (2-year observation/10-year observation), the sensitivities become 1.47 × 10−7 [m2 s sr GeV/n]−1 and 1.55 × 10−9 [m2 s sr GeV/n]−1/3.10×10−10 [m2 s sr GeV/n]−1, respectively. The results indicate that GRAMS can extensively investigate various dark matter models through the antihelium-3 measurements.

AB - The Gamma-Ray and AntiMatter Survey (GRAMS) is a next-generation balloon/satellite mission utilizing a Liquid Argon Time Projection Chamber (LArTPC) detector to measure both MeV gamma rays and antinuclei produced by dark matter annihilation or decay. The GRAMS can identify antihelium-3 events based on the measurements of X-rays and charged pions from the decay of the exotic atoms, Time of Flight (TOF), energy deposition, and stopping range. This paper shows the antihelium-3 sensitivity estimation using a GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulation. For the proposed long-duration balloon (LDB) flight program (35 days × 3 flights) and future satellite mission (2-year observation/10-year observation), the sensitivities become 1.47 × 10−7 [m2 s sr GeV/n]−1 and 1.55 × 10−9 [m2 s sr GeV/n]−1/3.10×10−10 [m2 s sr GeV/n]−1, respectively. The results indicate that GRAMS can extensively investigate various dark matter models through the antihelium-3 measurements.

KW - Antihelium-3

KW - Antiparticle

KW - Antiproton

KW - Dark matter

KW - GRAMS

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105012255073

U2 - 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103152

DO - 10.1016/j.astropartphys.2025.103152

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105012255073

SN - 0927-6505

VL - 173

JO - Astroparticle Physics

JF - Astroparticle Physics

M1 - 103152

ER -

Antihelium-3 sensitivity for the GRAMS experiment

Abstract

Keywords

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