TY - JOUR
T1 - Antibiotics and the resistant microbiome
AU - Sommer, Morten O.A.
AU - Dantas, Gautam
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank H.J. Genee and Dr A.M. Moore for assistance in creating figures. Work in M.O.A.S's lab is supported by grants from the Novo Nordisk Foundation , Lundbeckfonden and EU FP7 Health program EvoTAR project. Work in G.D.’s lab is supported by the National Academies Keck Futures Initiative, the Washington University/Pfizer Biomedical Research Program, the Children's Discovery Institute and the International Center for Advanced Renewable Energy and Sustainability.
PY - 2011/10
Y1 - 2011/10
N2 - Since the discovery and clinical application of antibiotics, pathogens and the human microbiota have faced a near continuous exposure to these selective agents. A well-established consequence of this exposure is the evolution of multidrug-resistant pathogens, which can become virtually untreatable. Less appreciated are the concomitant changes in the human microbiome in response to these assaults and their contribution to clinical resistance problems. Studies have shown that pervasive changes to the human microbiota result from antibiotic treatment and that resistant strains can persist for years. Additionally, culture-independent functional characterization of the resistance genes from the microbiome has demonstrated a close evolutionary relationship between resistance genes in the microbiome and in pathogens. Application of these techniques and novel cultivation methods are expected to significantly expand our understanding of the interplay between antibiotics and the microbiome.
AB - Since the discovery and clinical application of antibiotics, pathogens and the human microbiota have faced a near continuous exposure to these selective agents. A well-established consequence of this exposure is the evolution of multidrug-resistant pathogens, which can become virtually untreatable. Less appreciated are the concomitant changes in the human microbiome in response to these assaults and their contribution to clinical resistance problems. Studies have shown that pervasive changes to the human microbiota result from antibiotic treatment and that resistant strains can persist for years. Additionally, culture-independent functional characterization of the resistance genes from the microbiome has demonstrated a close evolutionary relationship between resistance genes in the microbiome and in pathogens. Application of these techniques and novel cultivation methods are expected to significantly expand our understanding of the interplay between antibiotics and the microbiome.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=80053927489&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.mib.2011.07.005
DO - 10.1016/j.mib.2011.07.005
M3 - Review article
C2 - 21802347
AN - SCOPUS:80053927489
SN - 1369-5274
VL - 14
SP - 556
EP - 563
JO - Current Opinion in Microbiology
JF - Current Opinion in Microbiology
IS - 5
ER -