Animal models of altered glucocorticoid signaling

In this chapter we will review genetically engineered mice with alterations in glucocorticoid signaling. Most of the mice involve direct alterations to the glucocorticoid receptor locus, but we will touch briefl y on other relevant models including 11-β-HSD transgenics which alter tissue levels of ligand as well as mice with glucocorticoid excess. Of course, the number of mice with mutations in genes such as GR targets and transcriptional coregulators is beyond the scope of this chapter.