An Updated Evaluation of the Management of Nerve Gaps: Autographs, Allografts, and Nerve Transfers

Within the past decade, multiple innovations have been made in the field of nerve surgery. In this paper, we highlight critical changes and innovations that have helped advance the field of nerve surgery and present opportunities for further study. This includes the modification and clarification of the classification schema for nerve injuries which informs prognosis and treatment, and a refined understanding and application of electrodiagnostic studies to guide patient selection. We provide indications for operative intervention based on this nerve injury classification and propose strategies best contoured for varying injury presentations at differing time points. Lastly, we discuss new developments in surgical techniques and approaches based on these advancements.