TY - JOUR
T1 - An overview of the current state of evidence for the role of specific diets in multiple sclerosis
AU - Evans, Emily
AU - Levasseur, Victoria
AU - Cross, Anne H.
AU - Piccio, Laura
N1 - Funding Information:
Dr. Piccio has received research funding from Biogen and Alector .
Funding Information:
Dr. Evans has received fellowship funding from the National Multiple Sclerosis Society through a Sylvia Lawry Physician Fellowship.
Funding Information:
Dr. Cross was funded in part by the Manny & Rosalyn Rosenthal – Dr. John L Trotter MS Center Chair in Neuroimmunology of Barnes-Jewish Hospital Foundation.
Funding Information:
Dr. Cross has been a paid consultant for: Biogen, Celgene, EMD-Serono, Genentech/Roche, & Novartis, and has received research funding from EMD Serono and Genentech/Roche.Dr. Piccio has received research funding from Biogen and Alector.This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors. Dr. Evans has received fellowship funding from the National Multiple Sclerosis Societythrough a Sylvia Lawry Physician Fellowship. Dr. Cross was funded in part by the Manny & Rosalyn Rosenthal– Dr. John L Trotter MS Center Chair in Neuroimmunology of Barnes-Jewish Hospital Foundation.
Funding Information:
Dr. Cross has been a paid consultant for: Biogen, Celgene, EMD-Serono, Genentech/Roche, & Novartis, and has received research funding from EMD Serono and Genentech/Roche .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2019/11
Y1 - 2019/11
N2 - Background: Surveys of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) report that most are interested in using dietary modifications to potentially reduce the severity and symptoms of their disease. This review provides an updated overview of the current state of evidence for the role of specific diets in MS and its animal models, with an emphasis on recent studies including efficacy and safety issues related to dietary manipulations in people with MS. Methods: Studies were identified using a PubMed search for each diet in both MS and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, by review of the reference list of papers identified in the search process, and by searching clinicaltrials.gov for ongoing studies. Each study was evaluated and the data was summarized. Each diet was assigned a level of evidence for its use in MS based on the Quality Rating Scheme for Studies and Other Evidence. Results: Several diets have been explored in people with MS and animal models of MS. Most human trials have been small and non-blinded, limiting their generalizability. Many have also been of short-duration, potentially limiting their ability to find clinically meaningful changes. Presently, insufficient evidence exists to recommend the routine use of any specific diet by people with MS. Clinical trials are ongoing or planned for many diets including the Swank Diet, Wahl's diet, McDougall diet, Mediterranean diet, and intermittent fasting. Results of these studies may help guide clinical recommendations. Conclusion: There is insufficient evidence to recommend the routine use of any specific diet by people with MS. Some diets touted for MS may have potential negative health consequences. It is important that clinicians inquire regarding dietary manipulations, so they can educate patients on any known efficacy data and potential adverse effects of individual diets. Consultation with a registered dietician is recommended for patients undertaking restrictive diets.
AB - Background: Surveys of people with multiple sclerosis (MS) report that most are interested in using dietary modifications to potentially reduce the severity and symptoms of their disease. This review provides an updated overview of the current state of evidence for the role of specific diets in MS and its animal models, with an emphasis on recent studies including efficacy and safety issues related to dietary manipulations in people with MS. Methods: Studies were identified using a PubMed search for each diet in both MS and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, by review of the reference list of papers identified in the search process, and by searching clinicaltrials.gov for ongoing studies. Each study was evaluated and the data was summarized. Each diet was assigned a level of evidence for its use in MS based on the Quality Rating Scheme for Studies and Other Evidence. Results: Several diets have been explored in people with MS and animal models of MS. Most human trials have been small and non-blinded, limiting their generalizability. Many have also been of short-duration, potentially limiting their ability to find clinically meaningful changes. Presently, insufficient evidence exists to recommend the routine use of any specific diet by people with MS. Clinical trials are ongoing or planned for many diets including the Swank Diet, Wahl's diet, McDougall diet, Mediterranean diet, and intermittent fasting. Results of these studies may help guide clinical recommendations. Conclusion: There is insufficient evidence to recommend the routine use of any specific diet by people with MS. Some diets touted for MS may have potential negative health consequences. It is important that clinicians inquire regarding dietary manipulations, so they can educate patients on any known efficacy data and potential adverse effects of individual diets. Consultation with a registered dietician is recommended for patients undertaking restrictive diets.
KW - Diet
KW - Multiple sclerosis
KW - Neuroimmunology
KW - Nutrition
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85072685236&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.msard.2019.101393
DO - 10.1016/j.msard.2019.101393
M3 - Review article
C2 - 31574403
AN - SCOPUS:85072685236
SN - 2211-0348
VL - 36
JO - Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
JF - Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders
M1 - 101393
ER -