@inproceedings{ec0ab665b20249eaa71d93e379422919,
title = "Aerodynamics and flow physics of a two-element airfoil in ground effect",
abstract = "A new evolution method is proposed to study the ground effect (GE) of multi-element airfoils. The aerodynamic forces and flow physics of a typical two-element airfoil with Fowler flap in GE are studied using Computational Fluid Dynamics and the evolution method. The compressible Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations with Spalart-Allmaras (S-A) turbulence model are discretized using the finite volume method. The results show that the GE of a two-element airfoil includes four characteristics: (a) the angle of attack (AOA) effect controls the GE features of each element of the two-element airfoil as a single element airfoil; (b) the camber effect strengthens the reduction of effective AOA and limits the capability of lift enhancement of lower surface in GE; (c) the gap effect decreases speed and increases pressure for the airflow in the gap in GE; and (d) the deflection angle of flap effect simultaneously influences the camber effect, the gap effect and the GE characteristics of the flap as a single element airfoil.",
author = "Qiulin Qu and Wei Wang and Peiqing Liu and Agarwal, \{Ramesh K.\}",
note = "Funding Information: This work is partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11302015, No. 11272034). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2015 by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Inc. All rights reserved.; 53rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, 2015 ; Conference date: 05-01-2015 Through 09-01-2015",
year = "2015",
doi = "10.2514/6.2015-0550",
language = "English",
isbn = "9781624103438",
series = "53rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting",
publisher = "American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc, AIAA",
booktitle = "53rd AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting",
}