TY - JOUR
T1 - Advances in 4D radiation therapy for managing respiration
T2 - Part I - 4D imaging
AU - Hugo, Geoffrey D.
AU - Rosu, Mihaela
N1 - Funding Information:
We would like to thank Matthias Söhn for assisting with literature review. This publication was made possible by grant number NIH P01CA116602 from the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIH.
PY - 2012/12
Y1 - 2012/12
N2 - Techniques for managing respiration during imaging and planning of radiation therapy are reviewed, concentrating on free-breathing (4D) approaches. First, we focus on detailing the historical development and basic operational principles of currently-available "first generation" 4D imaging modalities: 4D computed tomography, 4D cone beam computed tomography, 4D magnetic resonance imaging, and 4D positron emission tomography. Features and limitations of these first generation systems are described, including necessity of breathing surrogates for 4D image reconstruction, assumptions made in acquisition and reconstruction about the breathing pattern, and commonly-observed artifacts. Both established and developmental methods to deal with these limitations are detailed. Finally, strategies to construct 4D targets and images and, alternatively, to compress 4D information into static targets and images for radiation therapy planning are described.
AB - Techniques for managing respiration during imaging and planning of radiation therapy are reviewed, concentrating on free-breathing (4D) approaches. First, we focus on detailing the historical development and basic operational principles of currently-available "first generation" 4D imaging modalities: 4D computed tomography, 4D cone beam computed tomography, 4D magnetic resonance imaging, and 4D positron emission tomography. Features and limitations of these first generation systems are described, including necessity of breathing surrogates for 4D image reconstruction, assumptions made in acquisition and reconstruction about the breathing pattern, and commonly-observed artifacts. Both established and developmental methods to deal with these limitations are detailed. Finally, strategies to construct 4D targets and images and, alternatively, to compress 4D information into static targets and images for radiation therapy planning are described.
KW - 4D
KW - Imaging
KW - Radiation therapy
KW - Respiration management
KW - Treatment planning
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84870246864&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.zemedi.2012.06.009
DO - 10.1016/j.zemedi.2012.06.009
M3 - Article
C2 - 22784929
AN - SCOPUS:84870246864
SN - 0939-3889
VL - 22
SP - 258
EP - 271
JO - Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik
JF - Zeitschrift fur Medizinische Physik
IS - 4
ER -