TY - JOUR
T1 - A pupillary contrast response in mice and humans
T2 - Neural mechanisms and visual functions
AU - Fitzpatrick, Michael J.
AU - Krizan, Jenna
AU - Hsiang, Jen Chun
AU - Shen, Ning
AU - Kerschensteiner, Daniel
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 Elsevier Inc.
PY - 2024/7/17
Y1 - 2024/7/17
N2 - In the pupillary light response (PLR), increases in ambient light constrict the pupil to dampen increases in retinal illuminance. Here, we report that the pupillary reflex arc implements a second input-output transformation; it senses temporal contrast to enhance spatial contrast in the retinal image and increase visual acuity. The pupillary contrast response (PCoR) is driven by rod photoreceptors via type 6 bipolar cells and M1 ganglion cells. Temporal contrast is transformed into sustained pupil constriction by the M1’s conversion of excitatory input into spike output. Computational modeling explains how the PCoR shapes retinal images. Pupil constriction improves acuity in gaze stabilization and predation in mice. Humans exhibit a PCoR with similar tuning properties to mice, which interacts with eye movements to optimize the statistics of the visual input for retinal encoding. Thus, we uncover a conserved component of active vision, its cell-type-specific pathway, computational mechanisms, and optical and behavioral significance.
AB - In the pupillary light response (PLR), increases in ambient light constrict the pupil to dampen increases in retinal illuminance. Here, we report that the pupillary reflex arc implements a second input-output transformation; it senses temporal contrast to enhance spatial contrast in the retinal image and increase visual acuity. The pupillary contrast response (PCoR) is driven by rod photoreceptors via type 6 bipolar cells and M1 ganglion cells. Temporal contrast is transformed into sustained pupil constriction by the M1’s conversion of excitatory input into spike output. Computational modeling explains how the PCoR shapes retinal images. Pupil constriction improves acuity in gaze stabilization and predation in mice. Humans exhibit a PCoR with similar tuning properties to mice, which interacts with eye movements to optimize the statistics of the visual input for retinal encoding. Thus, we uncover a conserved component of active vision, its cell-type-specific pathway, computational mechanisms, and optical and behavioral significance.
KW - Stiles-Crawford effect
KW - active vision
KW - eye movements
KW - ipRGCs
KW - pupil
KW - retina
KW - rod pathways
KW - visual behavior
KW - visual optics
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85193427833&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.04.012
DO - 10.1016/j.neuron.2024.04.012
M3 - Article
C2 - 38697114
AN - SCOPUS:85193427833
SN - 0896-6273
VL - 112
SP - 2404-2422.e9
JO - Neuron
JF - Neuron
IS - 14
ER -