TY - JOUR
T1 - A prospective study of whole-grain intake and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus in US women
AU - Liu, S.
AU - Manson, J. E.
AU - Stamfer, M. J.
AU - Hu, F. B.
AU - Giovannucci, E.
AU - Colditz, G. A.
AU - Hennekens, C. H.
AU - Willett, W. C.
PY - 2000
Y1 - 2000
N2 - Objectives. This study examined the association between intake of whole vs refined grain and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods. We used a food frequency questionnaire for repeated dietary assessments to prospectively evaluate the relation between whole-grain intake and the risk of diabetes mellitus in a cohort of 75521 women aged 38 to 63 years without a previous diagnosis of diabetes or cardiovascular disease in 1984. Results. During the 10-year follow-up, we confirmed 1879 incident cases of diabetes mellitus. When the highest and the lowest quintiles of intake were compared, the age and energy-adjusted relative risks were 0.62 (95% confidence interval [CI] =0.53, 0.71, P trend<.0001) for whole grain, 1.31 (95% CI= 1.12, 1.53, P trend=.0003) for refined grain, and 1.57 (95% CI = 1.36, 1.82, P trend <.0001) for the ratio of refined- to whole-grain intake. These findings remained significant in multivariate analyses. The findings were most evident for women with a body mass index greater than 25 and were not entirely explained by dietary fiber, magnesium, and vitamin E. Conclusions. These findings suggest that substituting whole- for refined-grain products may decrease the risk of diabetes mellitus.
AB - Objectives. This study examined the association between intake of whole vs refined grain and the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods. We used a food frequency questionnaire for repeated dietary assessments to prospectively evaluate the relation between whole-grain intake and the risk of diabetes mellitus in a cohort of 75521 women aged 38 to 63 years without a previous diagnosis of diabetes or cardiovascular disease in 1984. Results. During the 10-year follow-up, we confirmed 1879 incident cases of diabetes mellitus. When the highest and the lowest quintiles of intake were compared, the age and energy-adjusted relative risks were 0.62 (95% confidence interval [CI] =0.53, 0.71, P trend<.0001) for whole grain, 1.31 (95% CI= 1.12, 1.53, P trend=.0003) for refined grain, and 1.57 (95% CI = 1.36, 1.82, P trend <.0001) for the ratio of refined- to whole-grain intake. These findings remained significant in multivariate analyses. The findings were most evident for women with a body mass index greater than 25 and were not entirely explained by dietary fiber, magnesium, and vitamin E. Conclusions. These findings suggest that substituting whole- for refined-grain products may decrease the risk of diabetes mellitus.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0033857920&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.2105/AJPH.90.9.1409
DO - 10.2105/AJPH.90.9.1409
M3 - Article
C2 - 10983198
AN - SCOPUS:0033857920
VL - 90
SP - 1409
EP - 1415
JO - American Journal of Public Health
JF - American Journal of Public Health
SN - 0090-0036
IS - 9
ER -