TY - JOUR
T1 - A prospective study of discontinuing primary and secondary Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia prophylaxis after CD4 cell count increase to > 200 × 106/l
AU - Koletar, Susan L.
AU - Heald, Alison E.
AU - Finkelstein, Dianne
AU - Hafner, Richard
AU - Currier, Judith S.
AU - McCutchan, J. Allen
AU - Vallee, Marc
AU - Torriani, Francesca J.
AU - Powderly, William G.
AU - Fass, Robert J.
AU - Murphy, Robert L.
PY - 2001/8/17
Y1 - 2001/8/17
N2 - Objective: To assess the incidence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) after discontinuation of either primary or secondary prophylaxis. Design: This was a prospective, non-randomized, non-blinded study. Setting: Twenty-five University-based AIDS Clinical Trials Group units. Participants: Participants either had a CD4 cell count ≤ 100 × 106/l at any time in the past and no history of confirmed PCP (group I; n = 144), or had a confirmed episode of PCP ≥ 6 months prior to study entry (group II; n = 129). All subjects had sustained CD4 cell counts ≥ 200 × 106/l in response to antiretroviral therapy. Interventions: Subjects discontinued PCP prophylaxis within 3 months or at the time of study entry. Evaluations for symptoms of PCP and CD4 cell counts were performed every 8 weeks. Prophylaxis was resumed if two consecutive CD4 cell counts were < 200 × 106/l. Main outcome measure(s): The main outcome was development of PCP. Results: No cases of PCP occurred in 144 subjects (median follow-up, 82 weeks) in group I or in the 129 subjects (median follow-up, 63 weeks) in group II (95% upper confidence limits on the rates of 1.3 per 100 person-years and 1.96 per 100 person-years for groups I and II, respectively). Eight subjects (five in group I and three in group II) resumed PCP prophylaxis after two consecutive CD4 cell counts < 200 × 106/l. Conclusions: The risk of developing initial or recurrent PCP after discontinuing prophylaxis is low in HIV-infected individuals who have sustained CD4 cell count increases in response to antiretroviral therapy. Neither lifelong primary nor secondary PCP prophylaxis is necessary.
AB - Objective: To assess the incidence of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) after discontinuation of either primary or secondary prophylaxis. Design: This was a prospective, non-randomized, non-blinded study. Setting: Twenty-five University-based AIDS Clinical Trials Group units. Participants: Participants either had a CD4 cell count ≤ 100 × 106/l at any time in the past and no history of confirmed PCP (group I; n = 144), or had a confirmed episode of PCP ≥ 6 months prior to study entry (group II; n = 129). All subjects had sustained CD4 cell counts ≥ 200 × 106/l in response to antiretroviral therapy. Interventions: Subjects discontinued PCP prophylaxis within 3 months or at the time of study entry. Evaluations for symptoms of PCP and CD4 cell counts were performed every 8 weeks. Prophylaxis was resumed if two consecutive CD4 cell counts were < 200 × 106/l. Main outcome measure(s): The main outcome was development of PCP. Results: No cases of PCP occurred in 144 subjects (median follow-up, 82 weeks) in group I or in the 129 subjects (median follow-up, 63 weeks) in group II (95% upper confidence limits on the rates of 1.3 per 100 person-years and 1.96 per 100 person-years for groups I and II, respectively). Eight subjects (five in group I and three in group II) resumed PCP prophylaxis after two consecutive CD4 cell counts < 200 × 106/l. Conclusions: The risk of developing initial or recurrent PCP after discontinuing prophylaxis is low in HIV-infected individuals who have sustained CD4 cell count increases in response to antiretroviral therapy. Neither lifelong primary nor secondary PCP prophylaxis is necessary.
KW - Discontinuing primary and secondary prophylaxis
KW - Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0035902955&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1097/00002030-200108170-00008
DO - 10.1097/00002030-200108170-00008
M3 - Article
C2 - 11504983
AN - SCOPUS:0035902955
SN - 0269-9370
VL - 15
SP - 1509
EP - 1515
JO - AIDS
JF - AIDS
IS - 12
ER -