TY - JOUR
T1 - A novel fluorescent imaging technique for assessment of cerebral vasospasm after experimental subarachnoid hemorrhage
AU - Aum, Diane J.
AU - Vellimana, Ananth K.
AU - Singh, Itender
AU - Milner, Eric
AU - Nelson, James W.
AU - Han, Byung Hee
AU - Zipfel, Gregory J.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank Ernesto Gonzales for performing SAH surgery and Aluet Borrego Alvarez. This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (R01 NS091603 awarded to G.J.Z., R25 NS090978 to G.J.Z. and A.K.V., P30 NS057105 to Alafi Neuroimaging Laboratory at Washington University School of Medicine), Neurosurgery Research and Education Foundation/Medtronic Research Fellowship grant to A.K.V., American Heart Association Postdoctoral Fellowship (AHA 11POST7650038) to A.K.V., and Brain Aneurysm Foundation research grant to I.S.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 The Author(s).
PY - 2017/12/1
Y1 - 2017/12/1
N2 - Various techniques have been developed to study changes in the cerebral vasculature in numerous neuropathological processes including subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). One of the most widely employed techniques uses India ink-gelatin casting, which presents numerous challenges due to its high viscosity, rapid solidification, and its impact on immunohistochemical analysis. To overcome these limitations, we developed a novel technique for assessing cerebral vasospasm using cerebrovascular perfusion with ROX, SE (5-Carboxy-X-Rhodamine, Succinimidyl Ester), a fluorescent labeling dye. We found that ROX SE perfusion achieves excellent delineation of the cerebral vasculature, was qualitatively and quantitatively superior to India ink-gelatin casting for the assessment of cerebral vasospasm, permits outstanding immunohistochemical examination of non-vasospasm components of secondary brain injury, and is a more efficient and cost-effective experimental technique. ROX SE perfusion is therefore a novel and highly useful technique for studying cerebrovascular pathology following experimental SAH.
AB - Various techniques have been developed to study changes in the cerebral vasculature in numerous neuropathological processes including subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). One of the most widely employed techniques uses India ink-gelatin casting, which presents numerous challenges due to its high viscosity, rapid solidification, and its impact on immunohistochemical analysis. To overcome these limitations, we developed a novel technique for assessing cerebral vasospasm using cerebrovascular perfusion with ROX, SE (5-Carboxy-X-Rhodamine, Succinimidyl Ester), a fluorescent labeling dye. We found that ROX SE perfusion achieves excellent delineation of the cerebral vasculature, was qualitatively and quantitatively superior to India ink-gelatin casting for the assessment of cerebral vasospasm, permits outstanding immunohistochemical examination of non-vasospasm components of secondary brain injury, and is a more efficient and cost-effective experimental technique. ROX SE perfusion is therefore a novel and highly useful technique for studying cerebrovascular pathology following experimental SAH.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85027833205&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/s41598-017-09070-y
DO - 10.1038/s41598-017-09070-y
M3 - Article
C2 - 28831103
AN - SCOPUS:85027833205
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 7
JO - Scientific reports
JF - Scientific reports
IS - 1
M1 - 9126
ER -