@article{86b6572fa6fb47deac947591118d86ef,
title = "A genome-wide association study of Cloninger's temperament scales: Implications for the evolutionary genetics of personality",
abstract = "Variation in personality traits is 30-60% attributed to genetic influences. Attempts to unravel these genetic influences at the molecular level have, so far, been inconclusive. We performed the first genome-wide association study of Cloninger's temperament scales in a sample of 5117 individuals, in order to identify common genetic variants underlying variation in personality. Participants' scores on Harm Avoidance, Novelty Seeking, Reward Dependence, and Persistence were tested for association with 1,252,387 genetic markers. We also performed gene-based association tests and biological pathway analyses. No genetic variants that significantly contribute to personality variation were identified, while our sample provides over 90% power to detect variants that explain only 1% of the trait variance. This indicates that individual common genetic variants of this size or greater do not contribute to personality trait variation, which has important implications regarding the genetic architecture of personality and the evolutionary mechanisms by which heritable variation is maintained.",
keywords = "Evolution, Genes, Genome-wide association, Maintenance of genetic variation, Mutation, Personality, Selection, Temperament",
author = "Verweij, {Karin J.H.} and Zietsch, {Brendan P.} and Medland, {Sarah E.} and Gordon, {Scott D.} and Beben Benyamin and Nyholt, {Dale R.} and McEvoy, {Brian P.} and Sullivan, {Patrick F.} and Heath, {Andrew C.} and Madden, {Pamela A.F.} and Henders, {Anjali K.} and Montgomery, {Grant W.} and Martin, {Nicholas G.} and Wray, {Naomi R.}",
note = "Funding Information: We would like to thank the twins and their families registered at the ATR for their participation. We also thank Dixie Statham (sample collection); Lisa Bowdler, Steven Crooks (DNA processing); David Smyth, Harry Beeby, and Daniel Park (IT support), and Jimmy Liu for his help with the gene-based test. Funding was provided by the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council ( 241944 , 339462 , 389927 , 389875 , 389891 , 389892 , 389938 , 442915 , 442981 , 496739 , 552485 , 552498 , 613608 ), the FP-5 GenomEUtwin Project ( QLG2-CT-2002-01254 ), and the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH grants AA07535 , AA10248 , AA13320 , AA13321 , AA13326 , AA14041 , MH66206 ). A portion of the genotyping on which this study was based (Illumina 370K scans) was carried out at the Center for Inherited Disease Research, Baltimore (CIDR), through an access award to our late colleague Dr. Richard Todd (Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis). Statistical analyses were partly conducted at the Genetic Cluster Computer ( http://www.geneticcluster.org ) which is financially supported by the Netherlands Scientific Organisation ( NWO 480-05-003 ). K.J.H.V. is supported by an ANZ Trustees PhD scholarship in Medical Research. B.P.Z. is supported by a UQ Postdoctoral fellowship. S.E.M., B.B. and G.W.M. are supported by the National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Fellowship Scheme. N.R.W. and D.R.N. are supported by the Australian Research Council Future Fellowship Scheme. ",
year = "2010",
month = oct,
doi = "10.1016/j.biopsycho.2010.07.018",
language = "English",
volume = "85",
pages = "306--317",
journal = "Biological Psychology",
issn = "0301-0511",
number = "2",
}