TY - JOUR
T1 - A diffusion tensor imaging studyin children with ADHD, autism spectrum disorder, OCD, and matched controls
T2 - Distinct and non-distinct white matter disruption and dimensional brain-behavior relationships
AU - Ameis, Stephanie H.
AU - Lerch, Jason P.
AU - Taylor, Margot J.
AU - Lee, Wayne
AU - Viviano, Joseph D.
AU - Pipitone, Jon
AU - Nazeri, Arash
AU - Croarkin, Paul E.
AU - Voineskos, Aristotle N.
AU - Lai, Meng Chuan
AU - Crosbie, Jennifer
AU - Brian, Jessica
AU - Soreni, Noam
AU - Schachar, Russell
AU - Szatmari, Peter
AU - Arnold, Paul D.
AU - Anagnostou, Evdokia
PY - 2016/12/1
Y1 - 2016/12/1
N2 - Objective: Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD], autism spectrum disorder [ASD], and obsessive-compulsive disorder [OCD]) share genetic vulnerability and symptom domains. The authors present direct comparison of structural brain circuitry in children and adolescents with NDDs and control subjects and examine brain circuit-behavior relationships across NDDs using dimensional measures related to each disorder. Method: Diffusion imaging and behavioral measures were acquired in 200 children and adolescents (ADHD: N=31; OCD: N=36; ASD: N=71; controls: N=62; mean age range: 10.3-12.6 years). Following Tract-Based Spatial Statistics, multigroup comparison of white matter indices was conducted, followed by pairwise comparisons. Relationships of fractional anisotropy with dimensional measures of inattention, social deficits, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and general adaptive functioning were conducted across the NDD sample. Results: Lower fractional anisotropywithin the splenium of the corpus callosum was found in each NDD group, compared with the control group. Lower fractional anisotropy in additional white matter tracts was found in the ASD and ADHD groups, compared with the control group, but not in theOCD group. Fractional anisotropy was lower in the ASD and ADHD groups compared with the OCD group but was not different inADHDparticipantscompared withASDparticipants.Apositive relationbetweenfractionalanisotropy(acrossmuchof thebrain) and general adaptive functioning across NDDs was shown. Conclusions: This study identified disruption in interhemispheric circuitry (i.e., fractional anisotropy alterations in the corpus callosum) as a shared feature of ASD, ADHD, and OCD. However, fractional anisotropy alterations may be more widespread and severe in ASD and ADHD than in OCD. Higher fractional anisotropy throughout the brain appears to be related to better adaptive function across NDDs.
AB - Objective: Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder [ADHD], autism spectrum disorder [ASD], and obsessive-compulsive disorder [OCD]) share genetic vulnerability and symptom domains. The authors present direct comparison of structural brain circuitry in children and adolescents with NDDs and control subjects and examine brain circuit-behavior relationships across NDDs using dimensional measures related to each disorder. Method: Diffusion imaging and behavioral measures were acquired in 200 children and adolescents (ADHD: N=31; OCD: N=36; ASD: N=71; controls: N=62; mean age range: 10.3-12.6 years). Following Tract-Based Spatial Statistics, multigroup comparison of white matter indices was conducted, followed by pairwise comparisons. Relationships of fractional anisotropy with dimensional measures of inattention, social deficits, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, and general adaptive functioning were conducted across the NDD sample. Results: Lower fractional anisotropywithin the splenium of the corpus callosum was found in each NDD group, compared with the control group. Lower fractional anisotropy in additional white matter tracts was found in the ASD and ADHD groups, compared with the control group, but not in theOCD group. Fractional anisotropy was lower in the ASD and ADHD groups compared with the OCD group but was not different inADHDparticipantscompared withASDparticipants.Apositive relationbetweenfractionalanisotropy(acrossmuchof thebrain) and general adaptive functioning across NDDs was shown. Conclusions: This study identified disruption in interhemispheric circuitry (i.e., fractional anisotropy alterations in the corpus callosum) as a shared feature of ASD, ADHD, and OCD. However, fractional anisotropy alterations may be more widespread and severe in ASD and ADHD than in OCD. Higher fractional anisotropy throughout the brain appears to be related to better adaptive function across NDDs.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85001889514&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.15111435
DO - 10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.15111435
M3 - Article
C2 - 27363509
AN - SCOPUS:85001889514
SN - 0002-953X
VL - 173
SP - 1213
EP - 1222
JO - American Journal of Psychiatry
JF - American Journal of Psychiatry
IS - 12
ER -