TY - JOUR
T1 - A cross-sectional study of correlates of imprisonment in opioid-dependent men and women in New South Wales, Australia
AU - Larney, Sarah
AU - Cama, Elena
AU - Nelson, Elliot
AU - Larance, Briony
AU - Degenhardt, Louisa
N1 - Funding Information:
Funding for this study was received from the National Institute of Drug Abuse (no. R01 DA017305). SL, BL and LD are supported by fellowships from the National Health and Medical Research Council (grant numbers 1035149, 1073858 and 1041472, respectively). The National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre at the University of New South Wales is supported by funding from the Australian Government under the Substance Misuse Prevention and Service Improvements grant fund.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Australasian Professional Society on Alcohol and other Drugs
PY - 2016/11/1
Y1 - 2016/11/1
N2 - Introduction and Aims: Involvement in the criminal justice system is common among opioid-dependent people. This study aimed to determine prevalence and adolescent-onset correlates of adult imprisonment among opioid-dependent men and women in New South Wales, Australia. Design and Methods: Participants were recruited from opioid substitution therapy clinics and completed a face-to-face, structured interview. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, family history, substance dependence and psychiatric disorders. Adolescent-onset correlates of adult incarceration (including interactions with gender) were examined using logistic regression. Results: Opioid-dependent men were significantly more likely than opioid-dependent women to report adult imprisonment (66% vs 40%; P < 0.001). In a multivariable logistic regression model, older age, male gender, having completed high school education only, having dependent children or living independently prior to age 18 years, a history of juvenile detention and adolescent-onset opioid dependence were all significantly associated with increased odds of adult imprisonment. Adolescent-onset depression was associated with a halving of odds of adult imprisonment. The only variable for which we observed an interaction with gender was juvenile detention, which had a significantly greater impact on the odds of imprisonment for men than women. Discussion and Conclusions: More than half of this sample of opioid dependent adults had a history of imprisonment. Variables that are associated with imprisonment in the general population, such as childhood maltreatment, were not important in predicting imprisonment in this sample. Further study is required to understand the interaction between sex and juvenile detention in predicting adult imprisonment. [Larney S, Cama E, Nelson E, Larance B, Degenhardt L. A cross-sectional study of correlates of imprisonment in opioid-dependent men and women in New South Wales, Australia. Drug Alcohol Rev 2016;35:686-692].
AB - Introduction and Aims: Involvement in the criminal justice system is common among opioid-dependent people. This study aimed to determine prevalence and adolescent-onset correlates of adult imprisonment among opioid-dependent men and women in New South Wales, Australia. Design and Methods: Participants were recruited from opioid substitution therapy clinics and completed a face-to-face, structured interview. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, family history, substance dependence and psychiatric disorders. Adolescent-onset correlates of adult incarceration (including interactions with gender) were examined using logistic regression. Results: Opioid-dependent men were significantly more likely than opioid-dependent women to report adult imprisonment (66% vs 40%; P < 0.001). In a multivariable logistic regression model, older age, male gender, having completed high school education only, having dependent children or living independently prior to age 18 years, a history of juvenile detention and adolescent-onset opioid dependence were all significantly associated with increased odds of adult imprisonment. Adolescent-onset depression was associated with a halving of odds of adult imprisonment. The only variable for which we observed an interaction with gender was juvenile detention, which had a significantly greater impact on the odds of imprisonment for men than women. Discussion and Conclusions: More than half of this sample of opioid dependent adults had a history of imprisonment. Variables that are associated with imprisonment in the general population, such as childhood maltreatment, were not important in predicting imprisonment in this sample. Further study is required to understand the interaction between sex and juvenile detention in predicting adult imprisonment. [Larney S, Cama E, Nelson E, Larance B, Degenhardt L. A cross-sectional study of correlates of imprisonment in opioid-dependent men and women in New South Wales, Australia. Drug Alcohol Rev 2016;35:686-692].
KW - juvenile detention
KW - opioid dependence
KW - prison
KW - sex difference
KW - substance use disorder
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84952685664&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1111/dar.12357
DO - 10.1111/dar.12357
M3 - Article
C2 - 26711174
AN - SCOPUS:84952685664
SN - 0959-5236
VL - 35
SP - 686
EP - 692
JO - Drug and Alcohol Review
JF - Drug and Alcohol Review
IS - 6
ER -