A 3d-2d hybrid u-net convolutional neural network approach to prostate organ segmentation of multiparametric MRI

Alexander Ushinsky, Michelle Bardis, Justin Glavis-Bloom, Edward Uchio, Chanon Chantaduly, Michael Nguyentat, Daniel Chow, Peter D. Chang, Roozbeh Houshyar

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

25 Scopus citations

Abstract

OBJECTIVE. Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in men in the United States with more than 200,000 new cases in 2018. Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) is increasingly used for prostate cancer evaluation. Prostate organ segmentation is an essential step of surgical planning for prostate fusion biopsies. Deep learning convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are the predominant method of machine learning for medical image recognition. In this study, we describe a deep learning approach, a subset of artificial intelligence, for automatic localization and segmentation of prostates from mpMRI. MATERIALS AND METHODS. This retrospective study included patients who underwent prostate MRI and ultrasound-MRI fusion transrectal biopsy between September 2014 and December 2016. Axial T2-weighted images were manually segmented by two abdominal radiologists, which served as ground truth. These manually segmented images were used for training on a customized hybrid 3D-2D U-Net CNN architecture in a fivefold cross-validation paradigm for neural network training and validation. The Dice score, a measure of overlap between manually segmented and automatically derived segmentations, and Pearson linear correlation coefficient of prostate volume were used for statistical evaluation. RESULTS. The CNN was trained on 299 MRI examinations (total number of MR images = 7774) of 287 patients. The customized hybrid 3D-2D U-Net had a mean Dice score of 0.898 (range, 0.890-0.908) and a Pearson correlation coefficient for prostate volume of 0.974. CONCLUSION. A deep learning CNN can automatically segment the prostate organ from clinical MR images. Further studies should examine developing pattern recognition for lesion localization and quantification.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)111-116
Number of pages6
JournalAmerican Journal of Roentgenology
Volume216
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 2021

Keywords

  • Artificial intelligence
  • Deep learning
  • Machine learning
  • Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI)
  • Prostate

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